Cardiopulmonary bypass as an adjunct to pulmonary surgery.

Although performance of concomitant open heart and pulmonary operations has been described, there is general reluctance to perform pulmonary procedures in patients receiving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Reasons for this include fear of excess bleeding caused by systemic heparinization, limited exposure afforded by median sternolomy, and alterations in the immune system caused by CPB that might lead to dissemination of lung cancer or infection. We have used CPB to facilitate operations on the lung in four patients who did not require concomitant cardiac surgery. In each case, lesions involving central pulmonary vessels precluded safe operation by conventional techniques. There were no complications related to the use of CPB. We believe that CPB can be a valuable adjunct in the surgical treatment of selected tumors and vascular malformations that involve large or central pulmonary vessels.