Nesse R E
Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Postgrad Med. 1996 Aug;100(2):163-6, 171-2, 175-7. doi: 10.3810/pgm.1996.08.56.
Among patients with psychiatric disorders, a significant number have a depressive disorder and coexisting symptoms of anxiety. The overlapping conditions present physicians with a confusing array of symptoms that, in the past, has made diagnosis and therapy difficult. Although the anxiety symptoms may not be sufficient to meet diagnostic criteria for an anxiety disorder, they can have a profound influence on the severity of and prognosis for the depressive illness. To clarify diagnosis when symptoms of both depression and anxiety are present, it is important to consider elements such as predominant mood, sleep patterns, psychomotor signs, and suicidal ideation, which serve to differentiate between the two disorders. Once a diagnosis is established, appropriate use of pharmacotherapy (especially antidepressant agents that have anxiolytic side effects) and psychotherapy can help relieve symptoms and lead to a favorable outcome.
在患有精神疾病的患者中，相当一部分人患有抑郁症并伴有焦虑症状。这些重叠的病症给医生呈现出一系列令人困惑的症状，在过去，这使得诊断和治疗都很困难。尽管焦虑症状可能不足以满足焦虑症的诊断标准，但它们会对抑郁症的严重程度和预后产生深远影响。当同时出现抑郁和焦虑症状时，为了明确诊断，重要的是考虑诸如主要情绪、睡眠模式、精神运动体征和自杀意念等因素，这些有助于区分这两种疾病。一旦确诊，合理使用药物治疗（尤其是具有抗焦虑副作用的抗抑郁药）和心理治疗有助于缓解症状并带来良好的治疗效果。
