Olea J L, Salvat M, Mateos J M, Vila J, Villalonga C, Riera M
Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca.
Rev Clin Esp. 1996 Apr;196(4):208-12.
A retrospective study was made of 26 patients with AIDS who initially presented with retinitis as the only clinical manifestation of cytomegalovirus infection (39 eyes). Sixty-five induction or re-induction therapeutic courses were administered with intravitreal ganciclovir. The efficiency rate of therapy was 93.8%. Thirty-eight maintenance therapeutic courses (200 micrograms/week) were evaluated. The non-compliance rate was 23%. Bilateral retinitis occurred in 44.4% of cases. The systemic administration of therapy had to be substituted for the intravitreal administration in 32% of patients during the clinical course of their conditions. The mean survival rate was 9.5 months. Both retinal detachment and vitreal hemorrhage occurred in 5% of patients. When retinitis is the first clinical manifestation of cytomegalovirus infection, therapy with intravitreal ganciclovir is efficacious to inactivate lesions. Although bilateral retinitis and extraocular dissemination are common, the mean survival rate is high.
对26例最初以视网膜炎作为巨细胞病毒感染唯一临床表现的艾滋病患者（39只眼）进行了一项回顾性研究。采用玻璃体内注射更昔洛韦进行了65个诱导或再诱导治疗疗程。治疗有效率为93.8%。评估了38个维持治疗疗程（200微克/周）。不依从率为23%。44.4%的病例发生双侧视网膜炎。在32%的患者病程中，不得不将全身治疗替代为玻璃体内治疗。平均生存率为9.5个月。5%的患者发生视网膜脱离和玻璃体积血。当视网膜炎是巨细胞病毒感染的首发临床表现时，玻璃体内注射更昔洛韦治疗可有效使病变失活。虽然双侧视网膜炎和眼外播散很常见，但平均生存率较高。
