Renal autoregulation of blood flow was re-examined in the pump-perfused canine kidney and concentrations of prostaglandins E and F in the renal venous plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. 2. At low perfusion pressures, below the range of autoregulation, prostaglandin E and F concentrations rose and calculated prostaglandin E secretion rate fell. 3. Meclofenamate (10 mg/kg i.v.) reduced renal blood flow and prostaglandin E and F secretion rates, but did not abolish autoregulation. 4. Renal prostaglandins do not appear to mediate autoregulation in the kidney but may affect the level at which flow is controlled.