Blaivas J G
Department of Urology, New York Hospital, Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA.
Urol Clin North Am. 1996 Aug;23(3):373-84. doi: 10.1016/s0094-0143(05)70318-9.
BPH is not synonymous with prostatic obstruction. The cause of symptoms in men with prostatism is multifactorial, comprising four conditions: (1) prostatic urethral obstruction, (2) impaired detrusor contractility, (3) detrusor instability, and (4) sensory urgency. Some men have an isolated obstruction at the vesical neck, termed primary vesical neck obstruction, that may have a different cause from that of BPH, and others have a learned voiding dysfunction wherein they are unable to relax completely during micturition. There is no simple means of distinguishing the various conditions that underlie voiding symptoms in men. Neither simple cystometry nor uroflow suffice. Detrusor pressure and uroflow studies usually are definitive, but more sophisticated analysis may be necessary.
良性前列腺增生并不等同于前列腺梗阻。前列腺增生男性出现症状的原因是多因素的，包括四种情况：（1）前列腺尿道梗阻；（2）逼尿肌收缩功能受损；（3）逼尿肌不稳定；（4）感觉性尿急。一些男性在膀胱颈部存在孤立性梗阻，称为原发性膀胱颈部梗阻，其病因可能与良性前列腺增生不同，还有一些男性存在习得性排尿功能障碍，即他们在排尿时无法完全放松。没有简单的方法可以区分男性排尿症状背后的各种情况。单纯的膀胱测压或尿流率检查都不够。逼尿肌压力和尿流率研究通常具有决定性意义，但可能需要更复杂的分析。
