McCarthy M, Gilbert K
Department of Public Health, Camden and Islington Health Authority, London, England.
Accid Anal Prev. 1996 Mar;28(2):275-9. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(95)00061-5.
We used coroners' records to investigate the fatal accidents of cyclists recorded on death certificates in London during 1985-1992. There were 124 deaths: 68 cyclists were injured in London and 56 injured in the "home counties" around London and died in London hospitals. The cyclists' ages were from 8-88, and 70% were male; the drivers were aged 17-74, and 96% were male. Of the 108 vehicles involved, 53 were cars (including one parked) and 40 heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) (including 14 large lorries and 18 articulated lorries), 5 light goods vehicles, 5 buses and coaches and 5 motorcycles. Fatal accidents occurred with a wide range of manoeuvres; of vehicles turning left (driving is on the left in the U.K.), 14 out of 15 were HGVs. Accidents were most often on 2 lane roads and one half were near a road junction. Law violations were recorded in half the accidents; alcohol intoxication contributed only rarely. While injuries to the head were the commonest reported direct cause of death, Inner London deaths were frequently due to multiple injuries. The study confirms the serious danger to cyclists (particularly women) in Inner London from large and articulated lorries, causing death from multiple injuries.
我们利用验尸官记录，调查了1985年至1992年期间伦敦死亡证明上记录的自行车骑行者致命事故。共有124人死亡：68名骑行者在伦敦受伤，56名在伦敦周边的“伦敦郡”受伤并在伦敦医院死亡。骑行者年龄在8岁至88岁之间，70%为男性；司机年龄在17岁至74岁之间，96%为男性。在涉及的108辆车辆中，53辆是汽车（包括一辆停放的），40辆重型货车（HGVs）（包括14辆大型卡车和18辆铰接式卡车），5辆轻型货车，5辆公共汽车和长途客车以及5辆摩托车。致命事故发生时的操作种类繁多；在向左转弯的车辆（英国靠左行驶）中，15辆中有14辆是重型货车。事故大多发生在双车道道路上，一半发生在道路交叉口附近。半数事故记录有违法行为；酒精中毒很少导致事故。虽然头部受伤是最常报告的直接死因，但伦敦市中心的死亡往往是由于多处受伤。该研究证实，伦敦市中心的大型和铰接式卡车对骑行者（尤其是女性）构成严重危险，会导致多处受伤死亡。
