Forsting M, Dörfler A, Knauth M, von Kummer R
Abteilung Klinische Neuroradiologie, Universität Heidelberg.
Ther Umsch. 1996 Jul;53(7):535-43.
This overview is about today's radiologic diagnostic possibilities in acute stroke. Despite many improvements in MR technology, CT is still the method of choice for most of these patients. Contrary to a long existing opinion, CT is a good diagnostic instrument even in the early phase of acute ischemic stroke. In combination with the new helical CT technique [CT angiography] all important questions regarding early therapeutic decisions can be answered. New MR perfusion techniques are just on the way to clinical application. Invasive angiography is only rarely indicated in acute ischemic stroke. The diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage is also mainly CT-based. MR and DSA are mandatory for further evaluation of the etiology of the hemorrhage. Nowadays, DSA is not longer mandatory for the diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. In some patients CT is already diagnostic; the combination of different MR and MRA techniques nearly always allows a definite diagnosis or exclusion of a venous thrombosis.
本综述是关于当今急性卒中的放射学诊断可能性。尽管磁共振成像（MR）技术有诸多改进，但对于大多数此类患者，计算机断层扫描（CT）仍是首选方法。与长期以来的观点相反，即使在急性缺血性卒中的早期阶段，CT也是一种良好的诊断工具。结合新的螺旋CT技术[CT血管造影]，关于早期治疗决策的所有重要问题都能得到解答。新的MR灌注技术正处于临床应用阶段。急性缺血性卒中很少需要进行有创血管造影。脑出血的诊断也主要基于CT。对于出血病因的进一步评估，磁共振成像（MR）和数字减影血管造影（DSA）是必需的。如今，对于脑静脉窦血栓形成的诊断，DSA已不再是必需的。在一些患者中，CT已可作出诊断；不同MR和磁共振血管造影（MRA）技术的联合应用几乎总能明确诊断或排除静脉血栓形成。
