Bradshaw M F, Glennerster A, Rogers B J
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, U.K.
Vision Res. 1996 May;36(9):1255-64. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(95)00190-5.
The present study compared the relative effectiveness of differential perspective and vergence angle manipulations in scaling depth from horizontal disparities. When differential perspective and vergence angle were manipulated together (to simulate a range of different viewing distances from 28 cm to infinity), approximately 35% of the scaling required for complete depth constancy was obtained. When manipulated separately the relative influence of each cue depended crucially on the size of the visual display. Differential perspective was only effective when the display size was sufficiently large (i.e., greater than 20 deg) whereas the influence of vergence angle, although evident at each display size, was greatest in the smaller displays. For each display size the independent effects of the two cues were approximately additive. Perceived size (and two-dimensional spacing of elements) was also affected by manipulations of differential perspective and vergence. These results confirm that both differential perspective and vergence are effective in scaling the perceived two-dimensional size of elements and the perceived depth from horizontal disparities. They also show that the effect of the two cues in combination is approximately equal to the sum of their individual effects.
本研究比较了差异视角和辐合角操作在根据水平视差缩放深度方面的相对有效性。当差异视角和辐合角一起操作时（以模拟从28厘米到无穷远的一系列不同观看距离），获得了实现完全深度恒常性所需缩放的约35%。当分别操作时，每个线索的相对影响关键取决于视觉显示器的大小。差异视角仅在显示器尺寸足够大时（即大于20度）才有效，而辐合角的影响虽然在每个显示器尺寸下都很明显，但在较小的显示器中最大。对于每个显示器尺寸，两个线索的独立效应大致是相加的。感知大小（以及元素的二维间距）也受到差异视角和辐合操作的影响。这些结果证实，差异视角和辐合在缩放元素的感知二维大小以及根据水平视差感知深度方面都是有效的。它们还表明，两个线索组合的效果大致等于它们各自效果的总和。
