Schwartzman W
Department of Medicine, Sepulveda VA Medical Center, California 91343, USA.
Annu Rev Med. 1996;47:355-64. doi: 10.1146/annurev.med.47.1.355.
Five species of Bartonella have been found to infect humans, henselae, quintana, elizabethae, bacilliformis, and vinsonii. The most common of these in North America are Bartonella quintana and Bartonella henselae, the agents of trench fever, bacillary angiomatosis, and parenchymal peliosis, and in the case of B. henselae cat-scratch disease. B. bacilliformis is endemic in Peru and Ecuador, where it causes oroya fever or Carrion's disease. New methods of diagnosing Bartonella infections have resulted in increased recognition of the many manifestations of these infections. Early recognition is crucial, as these are potentially fatal opportunistic infections that usually respond rapidly to appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
已发现五种巴尔通体可感染人类，即汉赛巴尔通体、五日热巴尔通体、伊丽莎白巴尔通体、杆菌状巴尔通体和文森巴尔通体。在北美，其中最常见的是五日热巴尔通体和汉赛巴尔通体，它们分别是战壕热、杆菌性血管瘤病和实质性紫癜的病原体，就汉赛巴尔通体而言，还会引发猫抓病。杆菌状巴尔通体在秘鲁和厄瓜多尔为地方病，在当地会引发奥罗亚热或卡里翁病。诊断巴尔通体感染的新方法使得人们对这些感染的多种表现形式有了更多认识。早期识别至关重要，因为这些是潜在致命的机会性感染，通常对适当的抗菌治疗反应迅速。
