Schellekens J F
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Laboratorium voor Bacteriologie en Antimicrobiële Middelen, Bilthoven.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1996 Jan 20;140(3):144-7.
Bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat-scratch disease, was identified recently by DNA amplification techniques. Several other Bartonellae (most of which were called Rochalimaea before) cause disease in humans: B. bacilliformis (Carrion's disease), B. elizabethae (endocarditis) and B. quintana (bacillary angiomatosis and peliosis, chronic bacteraemia and endocarditis, trench fever). B. henselae is transmitted to humans by scratch or bite of a bacteraemic, but asymptomatic, cat, which event may be followed by regional lymphadenitis (classical cat-scratch disease), bacillary angiomatosis or peliosis of liver and spleen (in immune compromised, e.g. HIV-infected individuals) or chronic bacteraemia and endocarditis (in elderly individuals). The incidence in the Netherlands of cat-scratch disease is > 2/100,000/year. If a Bartonella infection is suspected, specific immuno-assays and polymerase chain reaction assay may be applied for diagnosis. Culture of the organism is difficult. Macrolides and tetracyclines have been shown to be effective in treatment of disseminated infections. The natural (self-limiting) course of regional lymphadenitis however is not affected by antibiotic treatment.
亨氏巴尔通体是猫抓病的病原体，最近通过DNA扩增技术得以鉴定。其他几种巴尔通体（其中大多数以前被称为罗卡利马氏体）可导致人类疾病：杆菌状巴尔通体（卡里翁病）、伊丽莎白巴尔通体（心内膜炎）和五日热巴尔通体（杆菌性血管瘤病和紫癜、慢性菌血症和心内膜炎、战壕热）。亨氏巴尔通体通过菌血症但无症状的猫的抓挠或咬伤传播给人类，随后可能会出现局部淋巴结炎（典型的猫抓病）、杆菌性血管瘤病或肝脏和脾脏紫癜（在免疫功能低下者，如感染HIV的个体中）或慢性菌血症和心内膜炎（在老年人中）。荷兰猫抓病的发病率>2/100,000/年。如果怀疑有巴尔通体感染，可应用特异性免疫测定和聚合酶链反应测定进行诊断。该病原体的培养很困难。大环内酯类和四环素已被证明对播散性感染的治疗有效。然而，局部淋巴结炎的自然（自限性）病程不受抗生素治疗的影响。
