Mishler J M, Emerson P M
Br J Haematol. 1977 Jun;36(2):249-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1977.tb00646.x.
Dexamethasone (4-8 mg/m2 body surface area) was given orally or intravenously to six normal volunteers. The maximum neutrophil count occurred 4-6 h after oral or intravenous administration of dexamethasone and was due almost entirely to an increase in mature neutrophils; concomitantly there was a lymphocytopenia. A second rise in the neutrophil count occurred 24 h after oral ingestion of dexamethasone, coinciding with a lymphocytosis. Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) activity during development fell as the neutrophil count rose. Other haematological values were unchanged except for small increments in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Sodium concentration in serum and urine remained normal but urinary potassium excretion and urine volume increased after the intravenous dose. There was a direct relationship between plasma concentration of dexamethasone and the rise in neutrophil count following intravenous but not oral administration. The concentration of dexamethasone in plasma fell to half its peak value in 2-6 h. Dexamethasone-induced neutrophilia was similar to that induced by other corticosteroids. Dexamethasone in a dose of 6 mg/m2 produced minimal discomfort while inducing an adequate neutrophilia in the volunteers.
给6名正常志愿者口服或静脉注射地塞米松（4 - 8毫克/平方米体表面积）。口服或静脉注射地塞米松后4 - 6小时出现最大中性粒细胞计数，几乎完全是由于成熟中性粒细胞增加所致；同时伴有淋巴细胞减少。口服地塞米松24小时后中性粒细胞计数再次升高，同时出现淋巴细胞增多。中性粒细胞发育过程中的中性粒细胞碱性磷酸酶（NAP）活性随中性粒细胞计数升高而下降。除红细胞沉降率（ESR）略有增加外，其他血液学指标均无变化。静脉给药后，血清和尿液中的钠浓度保持正常，但尿钾排泄量和尿量增加。静脉给药后，地塞米松血浆浓度与中性粒细胞计数升高之间存在直接关系，但口服给药后不存在这种关系。地塞米松血浆浓度在2 - 6小时内降至峰值的一半。地塞米松诱导的中性粒细胞增多与其他皮质类固醇诱导的相似。6毫克/平方米剂量的地塞米松在志愿者中引起的不适最小，同时能诱导足够的中性粒细胞增多。
