Rodríguez R, Lema M, Prieto J M, Cadarso C, Castillo J, Noya M
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Xeral de Galicia-Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela.
Rev Neurol. 1996 Feb;24(126):199-206.
For three years we studied the mortality and functional situation of all patients admitted in 1991 to the Neurology Service suffering from acute stroke with the exception of subarachnoid haemorrhage cases. We analyzed the cause of death whether directly related to the initial illness or not. Out of 134 patients admitted for acute stroke, 48 (41.02% of the 117 patients examined after excluding 17 whom we did not obtain complete information from) had died after three years. The main causes of death were directly related to acute stroke (37.5%) and pneumonia (37.5%). Death occurred mainly in the first month (79.16% of deaths). Predictive variables for mortality directly related to acute stroke during the first month include severe weakness, brain haemorrhage, dysphasia and earlier incidence of acute stroke. Variables related to higher mortality rate due to other causes in the first month were dysphasia, age and angina antecedents, whereas earlier incidence of acute stroke was associated with a lesser mortality rate for these causes, as distinct from acute stroke itself. Greater levels of weakness and sphincteral incontinence are the best predictive signs of dependency functional situation at the end of the first month and, along with diabetes, after one and three years.
我们对1991年入住神经科的所有急性中风患者（蛛网膜下腔出血病例除外）的死亡率和功能状况进行了为期三年的研究。我们分析了死亡原因，无论其是否与初始疾病直接相关。在134例因急性中风入院的患者中，48例（在排除17例未获得完整信息的患者后，在所检查的117例患者中占41.02%）在三年后死亡。主要死亡原因与急性中风直接相关（37.5%）以及肺炎（37.5%）。死亡主要发生在第一个月（占死亡人数的79.16%）。第一个月内与急性中风直接相关的死亡预测变量包括严重虚弱、脑出血、吞咽困难以及急性中风的较早发病。第一个月内因其他原因导致较高死亡率的相关变量是吞咽困难、年龄和心绞痛病史，而与急性中风本身不同的是，急性中风的较早发病与这些原因导致的较低死亡率相关。更严重的虚弱程度和括约肌失禁是第一个月末功能依赖状况的最佳预测指标，并且与糖尿病一起，是一年和三年后的最佳预测指标。
