Trotter C W
Neonatal Netw. 1996 Apr;15(3):15-28.
Percutaneous central venous catheters (PCVCs) have been used in neonates since the 1970s. During the 1980s, they were introduced in many NICUs. Most studies published to date employ a descriptive methodology. There are very few randomized clinical trials with PCVCs in neonates, and no integrated literature reviews have been published to date. Furthermore, infection in neonates with PCVCs has become a major concern. This integrated literature review was conducted to delineate the scope of the problem of sepsis in neonates with central venous catheters and to identify current research directed at methods to reduce catheter-related sepsis (CRS) in high-risk neonates. Twenty-five references were found and analyzed for this review. The definitions used to identify CRS in neonates varied greatly among studies. The method of calculating the CRS rate varied as well. The CRS rates ranged from 0 to 29 percent or from 0 to 15.3 infections per 1,000 catheter days. Strategies employed to reduce CRS rates are presented along with recommendations for future research.
自20世纪70年代以来，经皮中心静脉导管（PCVCs）已用于新生儿。在20世纪80年代，许多新生儿重症监护病房（NICUs）开始使用它们。迄今为止发表的大多数研究采用描述性方法。关于新生儿PCVCs的随机临床试验非常少，并且迄今为止尚未发表综合文献综述。此外，PCVCs新生儿的感染已成为一个主要问题。进行这项综合文献综述的目的是描绘中心静脉导管新生儿败血症问题的范围，并确定当前针对降低高危新生儿导管相关败血症（CRS）方法的研究。本次综述共找到并分析了25篇参考文献。各研究中用于识别新生儿CRS的定义差异很大。CRS发生率的计算方法也各不相同。CRS发生率范围为0%至29%，或每1000导管日0至15.3例感染。文中介绍了降低CRS发生率所采用的策略以及对未来研究的建议。
