Antrobus S, Brown S
Nurs Times. 1996;92(23):38-9.
Protocols and guidelines have been heralded by many as a panacea for the problems associated with the rising costs of health care and variations in clinical practice. These variations occur despite very similar medical conditions and often indicate poor use of research-based evidence to inform patient care. This has resulted in a national push towards greater use of protocols and guidelines as means of informing and indeed improving clinical practice. In order that protocols and guidelines achieve their full potential, it is essential that nurses, who deliver the majority of direct patient care, grasp the opportunity to influence their development. They need to be used as a framework to guide existing practices and as a focus to shape future work on clinical effectiveness. This paper examines definitions of guidelines and protocols and considers their use for the development of nursing practice, improvement of patient care and introduction of greater clarity in the use of health-care resources.
许多人将方案和指南视为解决与医疗保健成本上升及临床实践差异相关问题的万灵药。尽管医疗状况非常相似，但这些差异仍然存在，并且常常表明在为患者护理提供依据时对基于研究的证据利用不足。这导致全国范围内大力推动更多地使用方案和指南，以此作为为临床实践提供依据并切实改进临床实践的手段。为了使方案和指南充分发挥其潜力，至关重要的是，提供大部分直接患者护理的护士要抓住机会影响其制定。它们需要被用作指导现有实践的框架，并作为塑造未来临床效果工作的重点。本文探讨了指南和方案的定义，并考虑了它们在发展护理实践、改善患者护理以及在更清晰地使用医疗保健资源方面的用途。
