Brashers-Krug T, Shadmehr R, Bizzi E
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.
Nature. 1996 Jul 18;382(6588):252-5. doi: 10.1038/382252a0.
Learning a motor skill sets in motion neural processes that continue to evolve after practice has ended, a phenomenon known as consolidation. Here we present psychophysical evidence for this, and show that consolidation of a motor skill was disrupted when a second motor task was learned immediately after the first. There was no disruption if four hours elapsed between learning the two motor skills, with consolidation occurring gradually over this period. Previous studies in humans and other primates have found this time-dependent disruption of consolidation only in explicit memory tasks, which rely on brain structures in the medial temporal lobe. Our results indicate that motor memories, which do not depend on the medial temporal lobe, can be transformed by a similar process of consolidation. By extending the phenomenon of consolidation to motor memory, our results indicate that distinct neural systems share similar characteristics when encoding and storing new information.
学习一项运动技能会启动神经过程，这些过程在练习结束后仍会持续演变，这一现象被称为巩固。在此，我们为此提供了心理物理学证据，并表明当在第一项运动任务之后立即学习第二项运动任务时，运动技能的巩固受到了干扰。如果在学习两项运动技能之间间隔四个小时，则不会出现干扰，在此期间巩固过程会逐渐发生。先前针对人类和其他灵长类动物的研究仅在依赖内侧颞叶脑结构的显性记忆任务中发现了这种随时间变化的巩固干扰。我们的结果表明，不依赖内侧颞叶的运动记忆可以通过类似的巩固过程进行转化。通过将巩固现象扩展到运动记忆，我们的结果表明，不同的神经系统在编码和存储新信息时具有相似的特征。
