Hoshita T
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
Yakugaku Zasshi. 1996 Feb;116(2):71-90. doi: 10.1248/yakushi1947.116.2_71.
Bile acids and bile alcohols are termed cholanoids. Biles of evolutionarily primtive vertebrates such as fishes, amphibians, and reptiles contain bile alcohols and higher bile acids in place of C24 bile acids in mammals. These higher cholanoids have the C24 bile acid type of nuclear structure and all or part of the side chain of cholesterol. The chemical structure, the natural distribution, and the biosynthetic pathways of bile alcohols and higher bile acids were studied. The results indicate that these compounds are evolutional precursors of the C24 bile acids found in mammalian species and the mechanism of the conversion of cholesterol to the C24 bile acids in mammals is a recapitulation of the evolution of cholanoid molecules.
胆汁酸和胆汁醇被称为胆甾类化合物。鱼类、两栖类和爬行类等进化上原始的脊椎动物的胆汁中含有胆汁醇和高级胆汁酸，以取代哺乳动物中的C24胆汁酸。这些高级胆甾类化合物具有C24胆汁酸类型的核结构以及胆固醇侧链的全部或部分。对胆汁醇和高级胆汁酸的化学结构、自然分布及生物合成途径进行了研究。结果表明，这些化合物是哺乳动物中发现的C24胆汁酸的进化前体，并且哺乳动物中胆固醇转化为C24胆汁酸的机制是胆甾类分子进化的重演。
