Kantele A
Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Biotechnol. 1996 Jan 26;44(1-3):217-24. doi: 10.1016/0168-1656(95)00134-4.
Specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC) appear in the blood as a response to oral vaccination in humans. Based on information from animal experiments, these cells are believed to be migrating to the mucosa. This review summarizes a series of studies aimed at a detailed characterization of the ASC response to a prototype oral vaccine Salmonella typhi Ty21a, with respect to its kinetics, Ig-class distribution, antigen specificity, influence of the administration route and nature of the antigen, and the corresponding antibody responses in serum. Different vaccine formulations as well as dosage schedules are compared, and the response to booster immunization is described. The response manifested by ASC in blood is shown to be independent from serum antibody responses. Moreover, it is shown to parallel with the results obtained for protection in field trials. Finally, some data on the homing receptor expression of these cells are presented, giving further evidence for the mucosal homing of these cells. The ASC assay offers a practical means for assessing immune response to oral vaccines in humans. It can be used as a laboratory parameter correlated with protection conferred by an oral typhoid vaccine. It can even be applied to measure active mucosal immunity, i.e., protective immunity by showing the relative reduction of the ASC response to an oral dose of live vaccine.
作为对人类口服疫苗的反应，特异性抗体分泌细胞（ASC）出现在血液中。根据动物实验的信息，这些细胞被认为会迁移至黏膜。本综述总结了一系列旨在详细表征ASC对原型口服疫苗伤寒沙门菌Ty21a反应的研究，涉及反应动力学、Ig类分布、抗原特异性、给药途径和抗原性质的影响以及血清中的相应抗体反应。比较了不同的疫苗配方和给药方案，并描述了加强免疫的反应。结果表明，血液中ASC表现出的反应独立于血清抗体反应。此外，它与现场试验中获得的保护结果平行。最后，给出了关于这些细胞归巢受体表达的一些数据，进一步证明了这些细胞向黏膜归巢。ASC检测为评估人类对口服疫苗的免疫反应提供了一种实用方法。它可作为与口服伤寒疫苗所提供的保护相关的实验室参数。它甚至可用于测量主动黏膜免疫，即通过显示口服一剂活疫苗后ASC反应的相对降低来衡量保护性免疫。
