Varcoe C
Can J Nurs Res. 1996 Spring;28(1):61-78.
The way in which oppression is theorized is critical to nursing research in general and nursing research on violence against women in particular. Violence is not just the aberrant behaviour of some men, or a simple issue of gender oppression; rather, it is a complex, pervasive social problem that arises from and is sustained by multiple sites of oppression, including race, class, and gender. Conceptualizations of violence that neglect analyses of power, oppression, agency, and resistance may serve to support and sustain violence; thus their use in nursing research can align nursing with structures that perpetuate violence and oppression. Theories of violence that are informed by complex analyses of power and oppression focus inquiry on the social causes of violence; require analysis of racism, sexism, and classism; and establish, as a goal of research, the countering of oppression by individuals, institutions, and the state. Analyzing oppression as simultaneity guides nursing research into violence against women toward social change, is applicable beyond the issue of violence, and can help nursing contribute to the eradication of the social causes of health problems.
总体而言，压迫的理论化方式对于护理研究至关重要，对于针对女性暴力行为的护理研究而言尤为关键。暴力并非仅仅是部分男性的异常行为，也不是简单的性别压迫问题；相反，它是一个复杂且普遍存在的社会问题，源于多种压迫场所（包括种族、阶级和性别）并由其维系。忽视对权力、压迫、能动性和抵抗进行分析的暴力概念化可能会助长和维持暴力；因此，它们在护理研究中的运用可能会使护理与延续暴力和压迫的结构保持一致。基于对权力和压迫的复杂分析的暴力理论将探究聚焦于暴力的社会成因；要求分析种族主义、性别歧视和阶级歧视；并将个人、机构和国家对抗压迫确立为研究目标。将压迫视为同时发生的情况来进行分析，可引导针对女性暴力行为的护理研究朝着社会变革的方向发展，适用于暴力问题之外的领域，并且有助于护理工作为根除健康问题的社会成因做出贡献。
