Katusic Z S
Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA.
Free Radic Biol Med. 1996;20(3):443-8. doi: 10.1016/0891-5849(96)02116-8.
Evidence continues to accumulate on the importance of paracrine substances formed in the endothelium in regulation of the vascular system. Mechanisms that govern the balance between relaxing and contracting factors are important for understanding the regulation of blood vessel tone in health and disease. Chemical antagonism between superoxide anions and nitric oxide has been recognized as a potentially important modulator of vascular reactivity as well as being a source of peroxynitrite, a potent oxidant. In several models of vascular diseases, impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxations and promotion of endothelium-dependent contractions has been ascribed to increased production of superoxide anions. In pathologic conditions, increased production of superoxide anions may be responsible for an impairment of balance between relaxing and contracting factors favoring an increase in arterial tone. In this review the role of superoxide anions in modulation of endothelial mechanisms responsible for regulation of arterial tone will be discussed.
关于内皮中形成的旁分泌物质在血管系统调节中的重要性，证据不断积累。控制舒张因子和收缩因子之间平衡的机制对于理解健康和疾病状态下血管张力的调节至关重要。超氧阴离子与一氧化氮之间的化学拮抗作用已被认为是血管反应性的潜在重要调节因子，同时也是过氧亚硝酸根（一种强效氧化剂）的来源。在几种血管疾病模型中，内皮依赖性舒张功能受损和内皮依赖性收缩增强被归因于超氧阴离子生成增加。在病理状态下，超氧阴离子生成增加可能导致舒张因子和收缩因子之间的平衡受损，从而有利于动脉张力升高。在本综述中，将讨论超氧阴离子在调节负责动脉张力调节的内皮机制中的作用。
