Fu Y X
Human Genetics Center, University of Texas, Houston 77225, USA.
Genetics. 1996 May;143(1):557-70. doi: 10.1093/genetics/143.1.557.
The purpose of this paper is to develop statistical tests of the neutral model of evolution against a class of alternative models with the common characteristic of having an excess of mutations that occurred a long time ago or a reduction of recent mutations compared to the neutral model. This class of population genetics models include models for structured populations, models with decreasing effective population size and models of selection and mutation balance. Four statistical tests were proposed in this paper for DNA samples from a population. Two of these tests, one new and another a modification of an existing test, are based on EWENS' sampling formula, and the other two new tests make use of the frequencies of mutations of various classes. Using simulated samples and regression analyses, the critical values of these tests can be computed from regression equations. This approach for computing the critical values of a test was found to be appropriate and quite effective. We examined the powers of these four tests using simulated samples from structured populations, populations with linearly decreasing sizes and models of selection and mutation balance and found that they are more powerful than existing statistical tests of the neutral model of evolution.
本文的目的是针对一类替代模型开发进化中性模型的统计检验，这类替代模型的共同特征是与中性模型相比，存在过多发生在很久以前的突变或近期突变减少。这类群体遗传学模型包括结构化群体模型、有效群体大小递减的模型以及选择与突变平衡模型。本文针对来自一个群体的DNA样本提出了四种统计检验。其中两种检验，一种是新的，另一种是对现有检验的修改，基于EWENS抽样公式，另外两种新检验利用了各类突变的频率。通过模拟样本和回归分析，可以从回归方程计算出这些检验的临界值。发现这种计算检验临界值的方法是合适且相当有效的。我们使用来自结构化群体、大小呈线性递减的群体以及选择与突变平衡模型的模拟样本检验了这四种检验的功效，发现它们比现有的进化中性模型统计检验更具功效。
