Talmor M, Barie P S, Shapiro D, Hoffman L A, LaTrenta G
Department of Surgery, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, NY 10021, USA.
Ann Plast Surg. 1996 Jan;36(1):1-6. doi: 10.1097/00000637-199601000-00001.
Taxicab accidents are a common occurrence in New York City. This review was undertaken to characterize the nature of craniofacial injuries that result from taxicab accidents. Data were collected on 16 patients who required admission to trauma or plastic and reconstructive surgery services, after sustaining craniofacial injury as a result of a taxicab accident. Front-end deceleration collisions were the most common mechanism of injury. Fifty-six percent of the patients were thrown against the bulletproof, Plexiglas driver safety divider and sustained an injury most commonly to the anterior midface. Both bony and soft-tissue injuries were common in the entire group. Complex facial fractures were sustained by 56% of patients, with nasal-septal fractures most common, followed by naso-ethmoid-orbital, anterior frontal, anterior maxillary, and Le Fort I and II fractures. Only 1 patient in the group was wearing a seat belt and that patient was a driver. Given the high incidence of craniofacial injury, appropriate safety standards for taxicabs must be initiated, including the reevaluation of the utility of the safety divider and mandatory seat belt use for rear-seat passengers.
出租车事故在纽约市屡见不鲜。本综述旨在描述出租车事故导致的颅面损伤的性质。收集了16例因出租车事故导致颅面损伤后需要入住创伤或整形与重建外科的患者的数据。前端减速碰撞是最常见的损伤机制。56%的患者撞到了防弹有机玻璃制成的驾驶员安全隔板，最常受伤的部位是面中部前方。该组患者中，骨损伤和软组织损伤都很常见。56%的患者发生了复杂的面部骨折，其中鼻中隔骨折最为常见，其次是鼻筛眶、额前部、上颌前部以及Le Fort I型和II型骨折。该组中只有1名患者系了安全带，该患者为驾驶员。鉴于颅面损伤的高发生率，必须制定适当的出租车安全标准，包括重新评估安全隔板的效用以及强制后排乘客使用安全带。
