Adkinson Joshua M, Murphy Robert X
Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.
Ann Plast Surg. 2011 May;66(5):472-5. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0b013e318214532c.
In 2009, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration projected that 33,963 people would die and millions would be injured in motor vehicle collisions (MVC). Multiple studies have evaluated the impact of restraint devices in MVCs. This study examines longitudinal changes in facial fractures after MVC as result of utilization of restraint devices. The Pennsylvania Trauma Systems Foundation-Pennsylvania Trauma Outcomes Study database was queried for MVCs from 1989 to 2009. Restraint device use was noted, and facial fractures were identified by International Classification of Diseases-ninth revision codes. Surgeon cost data were extrapolated. More than 15,000 patients sustained ≥1 facial fracture. Only orbital blowout fractures increased over 20 years. Patients were 2.1% less likely every year to have ≥1 facial fracture, which translated into decreased estimated surgeon charges. Increased use of protective devices by patients involved in MVCs resulted in a change in incidence of different facial fractures with reduced need for reconstructive surgery.
2009年，美国国家公路交通安全管理局预计，在机动车碰撞事故（MVC）中，将有33963人死亡，数百万人受伤。多项研究评估了约束装置在机动车碰撞事故中的影响。本研究探讨了机动车碰撞事故后因使用约束装置导致的面部骨折的纵向变化。查询了宾夕法尼亚创伤系统基金会-宾夕法尼亚创伤结果研究数据库中1989年至2009年的机动车碰撞事故。记录了约束装置的使用情况，并通过国际疾病分类第九版编码确定面部骨折情况。推算出外科医生的成本数据。超过15000名患者发生了≥1处面部骨折。仅眼眶爆裂骨折在20年中有所增加。患者每年发生≥1处面部骨折的可能性降低2.1%，这意味着外科医生的费用估计减少。参与机动车碰撞事故的患者增加使用保护装置导致不同面部骨折的发生率发生变化，减少了重建手术的需求。
