Başoğlu M, Ozmen E, Sahin D, Paker M, Taşdemir O, Ceyhanli A, Incesu C, Sarimurat N
Institute of Psychiatry, University of London, England.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1996 May;105(2):232-6. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.105.2.232.
This study examined appraisal of self and others, as measured by semantic differential ratings of Police, State, Society, Family, Friend, Myself as a Man/Woman, and Myself as a Political Person, in 55 tortured political activists in Turkey, 55 nontortured political activists, and 55 nontortured, politically noninvolved controls. There were no remarkable differences between tortured and nontortured political activists; both groups differed from controls in having a more negative appraisal of the police and the state and stronger perceptions of danger, mistrust, and injustice in relation to state authority. Lack of beliefs concerning a "benevolent state" may have protected the survivors from the traumatic effects of state-perpetrated torture. Further research into the possible protective role of belief systems in posttraumatic stress disorder is needed.
本研究通过对警察、国家、社会、家庭、朋友、作为男人/女人的自己以及作为政治人物的自己进行语义差异评分，考察了土耳其55名遭受酷刑的政治活动家、55名未遭受酷刑的政治活动家以及55名未遭受酷刑且与政治无关的对照者对自我和他人的评价。遭受酷刑和未遭受酷刑的政治活动家之间没有显著差异；两组与对照组的不同之处在于，他们对警察和国家的评价更为负面，对国家权威的危险、不信任和不公正感更强。对“仁慈国家”缺乏信念可能使幸存者免受国家实施酷刑的创伤影响。需要进一步研究信仰体系在创伤后应激障碍中可能起到的保护作用。
