Sherman B E, Chole R A
Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA.
Am J Otol. 1996 Mar;17(2):343-6.
Bone modeling and remodeling are highly regulated processes in the mammalian skeleton. The exact mechanism by which bone can be modeled at a local site with little or no effect at adjacent anatomic sites is unknown. Disruption of the control of modeling within the temporal bone may lead to various bone disease such as otosclerosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, Paget's disease of bone, fibrous dysplasia, or the erosion of bone associated with chronic otitis media. One possible mechanism for such delicate control may be related to the ubiquitous and rich sympathetic innervation of all periosteal surfaces. Previous studies have indicated that regional sympathectomy leads to qualitative alterations in localized bone modeling and remodeling. In this study, unilateral cervical sympathectomy resulted in significant increases in osteoclast surface and osteoclast number within the ipsilateral bulla of experimental animals. The mechanisms by which sympathectomy leads to increased local bone loss is unknown. Potential mechanisms include disinhibition of resorption, secondary to the elimination of periosteal sympathetics, as well as indirect vascular effects.
骨塑形和重塑是哺乳动物骨骼中受到高度调控的过程。骨如何在局部部位进行塑形而对相邻解剖部位几乎没有影响的确切机制尚不清楚。颞骨内塑形控制的破坏可能导致各种骨疾病，如耳硬化症、成骨不全、佩吉特骨病、骨纤维发育不良或与慢性中耳炎相关的骨侵蚀。这种精细控制的一种可能机制可能与所有骨膜表面普遍且丰富的交感神经支配有关。先前的研究表明，区域交感神经切除术会导致局部骨塑形和重塑的质性改变。在本研究中，单侧颈交感神经切除术导致实验动物同侧鼓泡内破骨细胞表面和破骨细胞数量显著增加。交感神经切除术导致局部骨质流失增加的机制尚不清楚。潜在机制包括由于骨膜交感神经的消除继发的吸收抑制解除，以及间接的血管效应。
