Blanks J C, Torigoe Y, Hinton D R, Blanks R H
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, USA.
Neurobiol Aging. 1996 May-Jun;17(3):377-84. doi: 10.1016/0197-4580(96)00010-3.
Morphometric analysis of the numbers of neurons in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the central retina (fovea/foveola/parafoveal retina) in eyes from 9 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 11 age-matched control cases revealed an overall decrease of 25% in total numbers of neurons in AD as compared with control eyes. Detailed analyses of GCL neurons at various eccentricities from the foveola showed that the greatest decrease in neuronal density (43% decrease) occurred in the central 0-0.5 mm (foveal region), while at 0.5-1 mm and at 1-1.5 mm eccentricities, neuronal loss amounted to 24 and 26%, respectively. The temporal region of the central retina appeared most severely affected, with up to 52% decrease in neuronal density near the foveola (central 0-0.5 mm eccentricity). There was close agreement between fellow eyes analyzed separately for three AD and three control cases. Analysis of neuronal sizes showed that all sizes of neurons were similarly affected in AD. In the GCL of control retinas, neurons decreased with age (coefficient of correlation = -0.67), while in AD retinas no such relationship was evident. Since in the central 0-2 mm region of the retina 97% of neurons in the GCL are ganglion cells (while the remaining 3% consist of displaced amacrine cells), these results demonstrate extensive ganglion cell loss in the central retina in AD.
对9例阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者和11例年龄匹配的对照者眼睛的中央视网膜（中央凹/小中央凹/旁中央凹视网膜）神经节细胞层（GCL）中的神经元数量进行形态计量分析，结果显示，与对照眼相比，AD患者的神经元总数总体减少了25%。对距小中央凹不同偏心度处的GCL神经元进行详细分析表明，神经元密度下降最大的区域（下降43%）出现在中央0 - 0.5毫米（中央凹区域），而在偏心度为0.5 - 1毫米和1 - 1.5毫米处，神经元损失分别为24%和26%。中央视网膜的颞侧区域似乎受影响最严重，在小中央凹附近（中央偏心度0 - 0.5毫米）神经元密度下降高达52%。对3例AD患者和3例对照者的对侧眼分别进行分析，结果高度一致。对神经元大小的分析表明，AD患者中所有大小的神经元均受到类似影响。在对照视网膜的GCL中，神经元数量随年龄减少（相关系数 = -0.67），而在AD视网膜中则无明显这种关系。由于在视网膜中央0 - 2毫米区域，GCL中97%的神经元是神经节细胞（其余3%为移位无长突细胞），这些结果表明AD患者中央视网膜存在广泛的神经节细胞丢失。
