Kobayashi I, Perry A, Rhymer J, Wuyam B, Hughes P, Murphy K, Innes J A, McIvor J, Cheesman A D, Guz A
Department of Medicine, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1996 May;80(5):1595-1604. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1996.80.5.1595.
To investigate the relationship between the electrical activity of the genioglossus (GG-EMG) and associated tongue movement, seven laryngectomized subjects breathing through a tracheal stoma (without pressure or flow change in the upper airway) were studied in the supine position. Tongue movement, with the use of lateral fluoroscopy, and GG-EMG expressed as a percentage of maximum voluntary genioglossal activation were monitored simultaneously during 1) spontaneous inspiration (SI), 2) resistive loaded inspiration (LI), and 3) rapid inspiration (RI). Tongue position during each maneuver was compared with its position during spontaneous expiration. Peak GG-EMG during the three maneuvers was significantly different from each other (SI: 5.4 +/- 1.6, LI: 11.9 +/- 1.8, and RI: 51.6 +/- 9.4 (SE) %, respectively). Associated forward movement of the posterior aspect of the tongue was minimum during SI; however, significant movement was observed during LI, and this was increased during RI. Significant covariance existed between peak GG-EMG and this movement. Genioglossal coactivation with inspiration enlarges the glossopharyngeal airway, particularly in its caudal part. In subjects with intact upper airways, this activation may protect or enhance upper airway patency in an effort-dependent manner.
为了研究颏舌肌的电活动（颏舌肌肌电图，GG-EMG）与相关舌运动之间的关系，对7名通过气管造口呼吸（上呼吸道压力或流量无变化）的喉切除患者进行了仰卧位研究。在以下三种情况下，同时使用侧位透视监测舌运动，并将GG-EMG表示为最大自主颏舌肌激活的百分比：1）自主吸气（SI），2）阻力负荷吸气（LI），3）快速吸气（RI）。将每次操作时的舌位置与其在自主呼气时的位置进行比较。三种操作过程中的GG-EMG峰值彼此有显著差异（SI：5.4±1.6，LI：11.9±1.8，RI：51.6±9.4（SE）%）。舌后部的相关向前运动在SI期间最小；然而，在LI期间观察到明显运动，并且在RI期间增加。GG-EMG峰值与该运动之间存在显著协方差。颏舌肌与吸气的共同激活扩大了舌咽气道，尤其是在其尾部。在上呼吸道完整的受试者中，这种激活可能以依赖努力的方式保护或增强上呼吸道通畅性。
