Vaqué J, Rosselló J, Trilla A, Monge V, García-Caballero J, Arribas J L, Blasco P, Sáenz-Domínguez J R, Albero I, Calbo F, Barrio J, Herruzo R, Sáenz-González C, Arévalo J M
Preventive Medicine, Units Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1996 May;17(5):293-7. doi: 10.1086/647298.
To determine trends in rates of nosocomial infections in Spanish hospitals.
Prospective prevalence studies, performed yearly from 1990 through 1994.
A convenience sample of acute-care Spanish hospitals.
The number of hospitals and patients included were as follows: 1990, 125 hospitals and 38,489 patients; 1991, 136 and 42,185; 1992, 163 and 44,343; 1993, 171 and 46,983; 1994, 186 and 49,689. A core sample of 74 hospitals, which participated in all five surveys and included a mean of 23,871 patients per year, was analyzed separately.
The overall prevalence rate of patients with nosocomial infections in the five studies was as follows: 1990, 8.5%; 1991, 7.8%; 1992, 7.3%; 1993, 7.1%; and 1994, 7.2%. The prevalence rate of patients with nosocomial infection in the core sample of 74 hospitals was 8.9%, 8.0%, 7.4%, 7.6%, and 7.6%, respectively (test for trend, P = .0001). Patients admitted to intensive-care units had a 22.8% prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in 1994. The most common nosocomial infections by primary site were urinary tract infection and surgical site infections, followed by respiratory tract infections and bacteremia. More than 60% of all infections were supported by a microbiological diagnosis.
The EPINE project provides a uniform tool for performing limited surveillance of nosocomial infections in most Spanish acute-care hospitals. Its use helps to spread an accepted set of definitions and methods for nosocomial infection control in the Spanish healthcare system. The surveys indicated that the prevalence of nosocomial infections has been reduced over the last 5 years in a core sample of Spanish hospitals.
确定西班牙医院医院感染率的趋势。
1990年至1994年每年进行的前瞻性患病率研究。
西班牙急症护理医院的便利样本。
纳入的医院和患者数量如下：1990年，125家医院和38489名患者；1991年，136家医院和42185名患者；1992年，163家医院和44343名患者；1993年，171家医院和46983名患者；1994年，186家医院和49689名患者。对参与了所有五项调查的74家医院的核心样本进行了单独分析，该样本每年平均包括23871名患者。
五项研究中医院感染患者的总体患病率如下：1990年，8.5%；1991年，7.8%；1992年，7.3%；1993年，7.1%；1994年，7.2%。74家医院核心样本中医院感染患者的患病率分别为8.9%、8.0%、7.4%、7.6%和7.6%（趋势检验，P = .0001）。1994年，入住重症监护病房的患者医院感染患病率为22.8%。按主要部位划分，最常见的医院感染是尿路感染和手术部位感染，其次是呼吸道感染和菌血症。所有感染中超过60%有微生物学诊断支持。
EPINE项目为在大多数西班牙急症护理医院进行医院感染的有限监测提供了统一工具。它的使用有助于在西班牙医疗系统中传播一套公认的医院感染控制定义和方法。调查表明，在西班牙医院的一个核心样本中，医院感染的患病率在过去5年中有所下降。
