Richman A, Kafatos F C
European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
Curr Opin Immunol. 1996 Feb;8(1):14-9. doi: 10.1016/s0952-7915(96)80099-9.
Mosquitoes and blackflies have been the focus of recent efforts to elucidate factors influencing the susceptibility of vector insects to metazoan and protozoan parasites of medical significance. Vector species exhibit variation in cellular and humoral immune responses, as highlighted by studies of melanotic encapsulation and components of the phenoloxidase system. Significant progress has been made in the development of genetic maps based upon molecular markers, leading to the genetic analysis of loci influencing susceptibility. The identification of specific inducible antibacterial peptides, and the cloning of genes encoding immune effector proteins as well as potential regulatory factors, open the path to fruitful studies of vector insect innate immunity and its relationship to insect-parasite interactions.
蚊子和蚋一直是近期研究的重点，这些研究旨在阐明影响病媒昆虫对具有医学意义的后生动物和原生动物寄生虫易感性的因素。病媒物种在细胞免疫和体液免疫反应方面表现出差异，对黑化包囊形成和酚氧化酶系统成分的研究就突出了这一点。基于分子标记的遗传图谱开发取得了重大进展，从而能够对影响易感性的基因座进行遗传分析。特定诱导型抗菌肽的鉴定、编码免疫效应蛋白以及潜在调控因子的基因克隆，为深入研究病媒昆虫的先天免疫及其与昆虫-寄生虫相互作用的关系开辟了道路。
