Kanda K, Ohnaka T, Tochihara Y, Tsuzuki K, Shodai Y, Nakamura K
College of Medical Care and Technology, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Appl Human Sci. 1996 Jan;15(1):19-24. doi: 10.2114/jpa.15.19.
The effects of the thermal conditions of the dressing room and bathroom on the physiological responses during bathing were assessed. Six female students participated in this experiment. Three climate chambers were used as a living room, a dressing room and a bathroom. The living room was thermoneutral and maintained at 25 degrees C, while the thermal conditions of the dressing room and bathroom were as follows: (A) cold (10 degrees C), (B) cool (17.5 degrees C) thermoneutral (25 degrees C). The subjects wore standard clothing (0.65 clo). Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, rectal (Tre) and skin temperature, and subjective thermal sensation were recorded. 1) Marked increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP) after undressing and redressing in the dressing room and during washing were observed under the cold conditions. 2) A significant negative correlation was found between the dressing room temperature and increased SBP compared to before bathing (r = -0.684, p < 0.01, n = 18). 3) After exposure, mean skin temperature (Tsk) showed marked differences among the three conditions despite the rest taken under the same thermal conditions. 4) A significant negative correlation was found between Tsk and the increase in SBP of after undressing relative to that before bathing (r = -0.695 p < 0.01, n = 18). These findings suggested that 25 degrees C was the most appropriate temperature for the bathroom and dressing room, since the increase in blood pressure was minimum and subjective thermal sensation was neutral (neither cool nor warm) to warm under this thermal condition, and 17.5 degrees C at which the increase in blood pressure was within the physiological fluctuation range (+/- 10 mmHg) is the minimum tolerable temperature.
评估了更衣室和浴室的热环境对沐浴期间生理反应的影响。六名女学生参与了本实验。使用三个气候舱分别作为客厅、更衣室和浴室。客厅温度处于中性状态，维持在25摄氏度，而更衣室和浴室的热环境如下：(A) 寒冷（10摄氏度）、(B) 凉爽（17.5摄氏度）、中性（25摄氏度）。受试者穿着标准衣物（0.65 clo）。记录心率（HR）、血压、直肠温度（Tre）和皮肤温度以及主观热感觉。1) 在寒冷条件下，观察到在更衣室脱衣和重新着装后以及洗澡期间收缩压（SBP）显著升高。2) 发现更衣室温度与沐浴前相比SBP升高之间存在显著负相关（r = -0.684，p < 0.01，n = 18）。3) 暴露后，尽管在相同热环境下休息，但平均皮肤温度（Tsk）在三种条件下显示出显著差异。4) 发现Tsk与脱衣后相对于沐浴前SBP升高之间存在显著负相关（r = -0.695，p < 0.01，n = 18）。这些发现表明，25摄氏度是浴室和更衣室最合适的温度，因为在此热环境下血压升高最小，主观热感觉为中性（既不凉爽也不温暖）至温暖，而血压升高在生理波动范围内（±10 mmHg）的17.5摄氏度是最低可耐受温度。
