Ha M, Tokura H, Tanaka Y, Holmér I
Department of Environmental Health, Nara Women's University, Japan.
Appl Human Sci. 1996 Jan;15(1):33-9. doi: 10.2114/jpa.15.33.
Thermophysiological responses and clothing microclimate under the influences of different underwear materials were compared during walking and recovery in the cold. Two kinds of underwear were used: two layers of cotton underwear with two-piece long-sleeved shirt and long-legged trousers (C), two layers of polypropylene underwear with two-piece long-sleeved shirt and long-legged trousers (P). In addition, the subject put on a two-piece ski suit of 100% polyester including 100% polyester padding. Seven adult females served as subjects in this study. The test was done in a climatic chamber at an ambient air temperature of 2 degrees C, a relative humidity of 65% and an air velocity of 0.14 m.s-1. The subject walked on a motor-driven treadmill with a 6 km/h speed for 30 min followed by 60 min recovery. Rectal temperature, skin temperatures, clothing microclimate (temperature, humidity), metabolic heat production and heart rate were measured. Furthermore, subjective ratings on thermal sensation, sweating/shivering sensation, clothing wettedness sensation and skin wettedness sensation for whole body were asked. The major findings are summarized as follows: 1) Mean skin temperature was not significantly different during walking, but it was significantly higher in P than in C during the recovery. 2) The absolute humidity of innermost layer and outermost layer were not significantly different during walking, but it was significantly higher in P than in C during the recovery. 3) Clothing microclimate temperature of innermost was not significantly different during the first half of walking, but it was significantly higher in C than in P during the second half of walking and significantly lower in C than in P during the recovery. Clothing microclimate temperature of outermost was not significantly different during walking, but it was significantly higher in P than in C during the recovery. 4) Metabolic heat production for the last 10 min during recovery tended to be higher in P. 5) The degree of skin wettedness sensation and clothing wettedness sensation for whole body was significantly higher in P during walking and recovery. Thus, it was concluded that two kinds of underwear with different properties to moisture could influence, not only clothing microclimate, but also physiological parameters like skin temperatures and metabolic heat production in the cold differently.
在寒冷环境中行走及恢复过程中，比较了不同内衣材料对热生理反应和衣物微气候的影响。使用了两种内衣：两层棉质内衣，包括两件式长袖衬衫和长裤（C组）；两层聚丙烯内衣，包括两件式长袖衬衫和长裤（P组）。此外，受试者还穿上了一套100%聚酯纤维的两件式滑雪服，其中填充了100%聚酯纤维。本研究以七名成年女性为受试者。测试在气候舱中进行，环境空气温度为2摄氏度,相对湿度为65%，风速为0.14米/秒。受试者在电动跑步机上以6公里/小时的速度行走30分钟，随后恢复60分钟。测量直肠温度、皮肤温度、衣物微气候（温度、湿度）、代谢产热和心率。此外，还询问了受试者对全身热感觉、出汗/颤抖感觉、衣物湿润感觉和皮肤湿润感觉的主观评分。主要研究结果总结如下：1）行走过程中平均皮肤温度无显著差异，但恢复过程中P组显著高于C组。2）行走过程中最内层和最外层的绝对湿度无显著差异，但恢复过程中P组显著高于C组。3）行走前半段最内层衣物微气候温度无显著差异，但行走后半段C组显著高于P组，恢复过程中C组显著低于P组。行走过程中最外层衣物微气候温度无显著差异，但恢复过程中P组显著高于C组。4）恢复过程中最后10分钟的代谢产热P组有升高趋势。5）行走和恢复过程中，P组全身皮肤湿润感觉和衣物湿润感觉程度显著更高。因此，得出结论：两种具有不同吸湿特性的内衣不仅会对衣物微气候产生影响，而且在寒冷环境中对皮肤温度和代谢产热等生理参数的影响也有所不同。
