Chai J, Guo Z, Chen W
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Postgraduate Medical College, 304 Hospital of PLA, Beijing.
Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi. 1995 May;11(3):193-6.
940 patients with thermal injury during the past 14 years were reviewed. Of them, inhalation injury was diagnosed in 75 patients, including 15 mild injury who all survived, 25 moderate injury, of whom 13 died with a mortality rate of 52.0% and 35 severe injury, of whom 31 died with a mortality rate of 88.6%. The data showed that 70% of burn that caused inhalation injury occurred in a closed space and 96% of which also caused facial injury. With the burn extent increasing, the incidence of inhalation injury and pulmonary infection rise correspondingly. The time and incidence of pulmonary infection in the patients with inhalation injury was earlier and higher than that in those without inhalation injury (P < 0.01). With similar burn area and age, the risk of death in the patients with inhalation injury was 17.2 times of the patients without inhalation injury (P < 0.001). Pulmonary infection further increased mortality of the patients (P < 0.001).
回顾了过去14年中940例热损伤患者。其中，75例被诊断为吸入性损伤，包括15例轻度损伤患者，全部存活；25例中度损伤患者，其中13例死亡，死亡率为52.0%；35例重度损伤患者，其中31例死亡，死亡率为88.6%。数据显示，导致吸入性损伤的烧伤70%发生在封闭空间，其中96%也导致面部损伤。随着烧伤面积的增加，吸入性损伤和肺部感染的发生率相应上升。吸入性损伤患者肺部感染的时间和发生率早于且高于无吸入性损伤患者（P<0.01）。在烧伤面积和年龄相似的情况下，吸入性损伤患者的死亡风险是无吸入性损伤患者的17.2倍（P<0.001）。肺部感染进一步增加了患者的死亡率（P<0.001）。
