Monti M R, Stanghellini G
Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence, Italy.
Compr Psychiatry. 1996 May-Jun;37(3):196-204. doi: 10.1016/s0010-440x(96)90036-x.
The declining value of schneiderian first-rank symptoms (FRS) in differentiating between the two major functional psychoses has raised questions as to the utility of psychopathological concepts. In current diagnostic systems such as DSMs, psychopathological criteria and chiefly schneiderian symptoms have been used for nosographical purposes. It must be clear that this nosographically oriented use of psychopathology is only one aspect of the psychopathological enterprise. Indeed, while clinical psychopathology is essentially aimed at the identification of symptoms that are significant in view of nosographical distinctions, the specificendeavor of general psychopathology might be conceived as the organization of internal experiences around a core of meaningfulness, regardless of nosographical attributions. We seek to legitimate the value of psychopathological investigation and concepts as independent from any nosographical concern, and propose the concept of "psychopathological organizers" as synthesizing schemes of comprehension aimed at connecting different pathological experiences into unitary cores of meaningfulness.
施奈德首级症状(FRS)在区分两种主要功能性精神病方面价值的下降,引发了关于精神病理学概念效用的问题。在诸如《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》(DSM)等当前诊断系统中,精神病理学标准尤其是施奈德症状已被用于疾病分类目的。必须明确的是,这种以疾病分类为导向使用精神病理学只是精神病理学事业的一个方面。的确,虽然临床精神病理学本质上旨在识别鉴于疾病分类区别而具有重要意义的症状,但普通精神病理学的具体努力可能被视为围绕一个意义核心来组织内部体验,而不考虑疾病分类归属。我们试图使精神病理学研究及概念的价值独立于任何疾病分类考量而具有合理性,并提出“精神病理学组织者”这一概念,作为旨在将不同病理体验连接成统一意义核心的综合理解方案。