Piatnitski N, Dech H, Mundt C
Forschungszentrum für psychische Gesundheit, Moskau.
Nervenarzt. 1998 Mar;69(3):196-203. doi: 10.1007/s001150050260.
Concepts of schizophrenia of the Soviet Russian school are presented. They are historically based upon the broad concepts of schizophrenia by Kraepelin and Bleuler. The relationships to the German concept of "Einheitspsychose" (unitary psychosis) is emphasized. Along with the discussion of correspondence to and differences with Western diagnostic systems (DSM, ICD) it is pointed out that the old Soviet system of classification extends to psychotic and also non-psychotic forms which in ICD-10 are not attributed to schizophrenia, but to other categories. Differential-diagnostic criteria of sluggish schizophrenia and neurosis, such as positive psychopathological symptoms, thought disturbances and changes in personality, will be delineated. Furthermore, recent developments in Russian psychiatry and modifications in Russian schizophrenia concepts will be exemplified by the concept of "psychic diathesis."
介绍了苏联学派的精神分裂症概念。它们在历史上基于克雷佩林和布鲁勒提出的广义精神分裂症概念。强调了与德国“统一精神病”概念的关系。在讨论与西方诊断系统（DSM、ICD）的对应和差异时，指出苏联旧的分类系统涵盖了精神病性和非精神病性形式，而在ICD - 10中，这些形式不归入精神分裂症，而是归为其他类别。将阐述迟滞型精神分裂症与神经症的鉴别诊断标准，如阳性精神病理症状、思维障碍和人格改变。此外，将以“心理素质”概念为例，说明俄罗斯精神病学的最新发展以及俄罗斯精神分裂症概念的变化。
