Correia D, Nolan A M, Reid J
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, University of Glasgow, Bearsden.
Res Vet Sci. 1996 May;60(3):213-7. doi: 10.1016/s0034-5288(96)90041-7.
The pharmacokinetics of propofol were investigated in two groups of five Scottish blackface sheep undergoing surgery for the implantation of subcutaneous tissue pouches. After premedication with acepromazine and papaveretum, anaesthesia was induced with either propofol at 4 mg kg-1 intravenously (group 1) or with a mixture of propofol at 3 mg kg-1 and ketamine at 1 mg kg-1 intravenously (group 2). Anaesthesia was maintained with a variable infusion rate of either propofol alone (group 1) or propofol and ketamine (group 2). Both regimens produced satisfactory conditions for superficial surgery of the body surface. The mean (SD) duration of anaesthesia was 64.8 (3.1) minutes for group 1 and 60 (0) minutes for group 2; the mean total dose of propofol given to the sheep in group 1 was 801 (84) mg, and the sheep in group 2 received 470 (46) mg of propofol and 267 (30) mg of ketamine. The mean elimination half-life of propofol was 56.6 (13.1) minutes in group 1 and 50.3 (21.4) minutes in group 2; the mean volume of distribution at steady state was 1.037 (0.480) litre kg-1 in group 1 and 1.515 (0.939) litre kg-1 in group 2; the mean body clearance was 85.4 (28.0) ml kg-1 min-1 in group 1 and 128.0 (35.0) ml kg-1 min-1 in group 2; the mean residence time corrected for a bolus injection was 12.1 (4.2) minutes in group 1 and 11.9 (6.6) minutes in group 2; for the infusion, the mean residence time was 72.1 (4.2) minutes in group 1 and 69.9 (7.9) minutes in group 2. There were wide variations in the blood propofol concentrations reached in individual sheep by using this standard dosing regimen. All the sheep recovered quickly from anaesthesia; the mean times to extubation, sternal recumbency and standing for the animals in group 1 were 2.8 (0.4), 6.3 (1.2) and 10.9 (1.6) minutes from the end of the infusion, and the times for group 2 were 5.3 (0.9), 11.2 (1.7) and 15.1 (2.2) minutes.
在两组各五只接受皮下组织袋植入手术的苏格兰黑脸羊中研究了丙泊酚的药代动力学。在用乙酰丙嗪和巴比妥类药物进行术前用药后，一组（第1组）以4mg/kg静脉注射丙泊酚诱导麻醉，另一组（第2组）以3mg/kg丙泊酚和1mg/kg氯胺酮的混合物静脉注射诱导麻醉。麻醉分别通过单独以可变输注速率输注丙泊酚（第1组）或丙泊酚与氯胺酮（第2组）来维持。两种方案均为体表浅表手术提供了满意的条件。第1组麻醉的平均（标准差）持续时间为64.8（3.1）分钟，第2组为60（0）分钟；第1组羊给予的丙泊酚平均总剂量为801（84）mg，第2组羊接受了470（46）mg丙泊酚和267（30）mg氯胺酮。第1组丙泊酚的平均消除半衰期为56.6（13.1）分钟，第2组为50.3（21.4）分钟；第1组稳态时的平均分布容积为1.037（0.480）升/千克，第2组为1.515（0.939）升/千克；第1组的平均机体清除率为85.4（28.0）毫升/千克·分钟，第2组为128.0（35.0）毫升/千克·分钟；第1组经单次静脉注射校正后的平均驻留时间为12.1（4.2）分钟，第2组为11.9（6.6）分钟；对于输注，第1组的平均驻留时间为72.1（4.2）分钟，第2组为69.9（7.9）分钟。采用这种标准给药方案时，各只羊所达到的血丙泊酚浓度存在很大差异。所有羊均迅速从麻醉中恢复；第1组动物从输注结束算起，拔管、胸骨卧位和站立的平均时间分别为2.8（0.4）、6.3（1.2）和10.9（1.6）分钟，第2组的时间分别为5.3（0.9）、11.2（1.7）和15.1（2.2）分钟。
