Schmid K L, Wildsoet C F
Centre for Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology and Vision, Brisbane, Australia.
Vision Res. 1996 Apr;36(7):1023-36. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(95)00191-3.
This study examined the ocular compensation to lens-induced defocus in chick and the effect of interrupting lens wear on a daily basis. Eyes fitted with +10 D lenses at hatching compensated rapidly, with almost complete compensation after 4 days of lens wear; they had decreased vitreous chamber depth compared to normal eyes and were thus hyperopic when the lenses were removed. In contrast, adaptation to the -10 D lenses was much slower, was still incomplete after 9 days of lens wear, and in this case, eyes had increased vitreous chamber depth and were myopic without the lenses. Adaptation improved when lens wear was delayed until 7 days after hatching. The effect of interrupting lens wear by periods of normal vision varied with the sign of the lenses worn. Hyperopia was always seen in response to +10 D lenses, although the magnitude of the response decreased as the duration of lens wear was decreased. In contrast, even brief periods of normal vision, i.e., 3 hr, prevented the development of myopia in response to the -10 D lenses; this apparent sensitivity to normal vision is similar to that reported for form-deprivation myopia. Ciliary nerve section used here to eliminate accommodation did not alter these response patterns.
本研究检测了雏鸡对晶状体诱导性离焦的眼补偿作用以及每日中断佩戴晶状体的影响。孵化时佩戴+10 D晶状体的眼睛迅速产生补偿,佩戴晶状体4天后几乎完全补偿;与正常眼睛相比,它们的玻璃体腔深度减小,因此摘除晶状体后为远视。相比之下,对-10 D晶状体的适应要慢得多,佩戴晶状体9天后仍未完全适应,在这种情况下,眼睛的玻璃体腔深度增加,摘除晶状体后为近视。当佩戴晶状体推迟到孵化后7天时,适应能力有所改善。通过正常视力期中断佩戴晶状体的影响因所佩戴晶状体的符号而异。对+10 D晶状体的反应总是出现远视,尽管随着佩戴晶状体持续时间的缩短,反应的程度有所降低。相比之下,即使是短暂的正常视力期,即3小时,也能防止对-10 D晶状体产生近视;这种对正常视力的明显敏感性与形觉剥夺性近视的报道相似。此处用于消除调节的睫状神经切断并未改变这些反应模式。