Moller S E, Moller B M, Olesen M, Fjalland B
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Hans Psychiatric Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1996;50(3):179-84. doi: 10.1007/s002280050089.
Concentrations of plasma neutral amino acids, i.e. threonine, serine, asparagine, glycine, alanine, citrulline, alpha-aminobutyric acid, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan, and serum cholesterol, were determined at the follicular (Day 4), mid-cycle (Day 16) and luteal (Day 25) phases of the menstrual cycle in 15 users of the new generation of combined oral contraceptives (OC), 11 on multiphase combined OC, and 17 controls.
The controls showed a decrease in the sum of amino acids to 95% at mid-cycle and 90% in the luteal phase relative to the follicular phase, and a significant decrease in the tyrosine level at the luteal relative to the follicular phase. Since there was no significant difference between the two OC subgroups in the levels of the specified variables at either of the phases, the two groups were considered together. The sum of amino acids in the OC group decreased to 89% at mid-cycle and 91% at the luteal phase relative to the follicular phase, indicating less metabolic effect than reported for older OC formulations. Compared to the controls, the OC group showed significant increased threonine level at the luteal phase, decreased glycine levels at mid-cycle and the luteal phases, decreased citrulline level at mid-cycle, and markedly decreased tyrosine levels at the mid-cycle and luteal phases. Neither total nor high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol differed significantly between the control and OC groups.
The results suggest that the metabolic effects of the new generation combined OC on neutral amino acids and cholesterol are only modest to slight, except for the effect on tyrosine, the brain noradrenaline precursor, which may cause disturbances of various noradrenaline-mediated central functions in susceptible subjects.
测定15名新一代复方口服避孕药（OC）使用者、11名使用多相片剂复方OC者及17名对照者在月经周期的卵泡期（第4天）、周期中期（第16天）和黄体期（第25天）血浆中性氨基酸（即苏氨酸、丝氨酸、天冬酰胺、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、瓜氨酸、α-氨基丁酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸和色氨酸）的浓度以及血清胆固醇水平。
与卵泡期相比，对照者的氨基酸总和在周期中期降至95%，在黄体期降至90%，且黄体期酪氨酸水平相对于卵泡期显著降低。由于两个OC亚组在任何一个阶段的特定变量水平均无显著差异，故将两组合并考虑。与卵泡期相比，OC组的氨基酸总和在周期中期降至89%，在黄体期降至91%，表明其代谢作用比旧剂型OC报道的要小。与对照者相比，OC组黄体期苏氨酸水平显著升高，周期中期和黄体期甘氨酸水平降低，周期中期瓜氨酸水平降低，周期中期和黄体期酪氨酸水平显著降低。对照组和OC组的总胆固醇及高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇均无显著差异。
结果表明，新一代复方OC对中性氨基酸和胆固醇的代谢作用仅为中度至轻度，除了对酪氨酸（脑去甲肾上腺素前体）的影响外，酪氨酸可能会在易感人群中引起各种去甲肾上腺素介导的中枢功能紊乱。
