Department of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Feb 22;15(5):1097. doi: 10.3390/nu15051097.
It is not clear whether progesterone and estradiol associate with premenstrual food cravings, which significantly contribute to cardiometabolic adverse effects associated with obesity. We sought to investigate this question in the present study based on the prior literature showing a protective effect of progesterone on drug craving and extensive neurobiological overlaps between food and drug cravings. We enrolled 37 non-illicit drug- or medication-using women in the study to provide daily ratings of premenstrual food cravings and other symptoms across two-three menstrual cycles, based on which we classified them as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) or control participants. In addition, the participants provided blood samples at eight clinic visits across the menstrual cycle. We aligned their mid-luteal progesterone and estradiol using a validated method which relies upon the peak serum luteinizing hormone and analyzed estradiol and progesterone using ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Hierarchical modeling, adjusted for BMI, showed a significant inverse effect of progesterone ( = 0.038) but no effect of estradiol on premenstrual food cravings. The association was not unique to PMDD or control participants. Results of research to date in humans and rodents showing that progesterone has dampening effects on the salience of the reinforcer translate to premenstrual food cravings.
目前尚不清楚孕激素和雌二醇是否与经前食物渴求有关，而经前食物渴求会显著增加与肥胖相关的不良心血管代谢风险。我们根据先前的文献进行了这项研究，这些文献表明孕激素对药物渴求具有保护作用，且食物和药物渴求之间存在广泛的神经生物学重叠。我们招募了 37 名非滥用药物或非用药的女性参与研究，这些女性在两三个月经周期内每天对经前食物渴求及其他症状进行评分，根据评分结果将她们分为经前烦躁障碍（PMDD）或对照组参与者。此外，参与者在整个月经周期内进行了 8 次就诊，提供了血液样本。我们使用一种经过验证的方法来对齐她们的黄体中期孕激素和雌二醇水平，该方法依赖于血清促黄体生成激素的峰值，并使用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法分析雌二醇和孕激素。经过 BMI 调整的分层模型显示，孕激素（ = 0.038）对经前食物渴求有显著的负向影响，而雌二醇没有这种影响。这种关联不仅存在于 PMDD 或对照组参与者中。目前在人类和啮齿动物中进行的研究结果表明，孕激素对强化物的凸显性有抑制作用，这一结果可以转化为经前食物渴求。
