雄性和雌性肉种鸡年龄对覆盖胚盘的卵黄膜精子穿透率的影响。

Age effect of male and female broiler breeders on sperm penetration of the perivitelline layer overlying the germinal disc.

作者信息

Bramwell R K, McDaniel C D, Wilson J L, Howarth B

机构信息

Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 1996 Jun;75(6):755-62. doi: 10.3382/ps.0750755.

DOI:10.3382/ps.0750755

PMID:8737841

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to test the effect of age (male and female) on the number of spermatozoa penetrating the perivitelline layer (PL) overlying the germinal disc (GD) in broiler breeders. Eighty young broiler breeder hens (39 wk old, Y), and 80 old spent broiler breeder hens (69 wk old, O) were randomly divided into eight groups of 20 hens each by age. Hens were inseminated weekly for 4 consecutive wk with 5 x 10(7) pooled sperm/50 microL from either young or old broiler breeder males. Sperm penetration (SP) of the PL at the GD was assessed in a random sample of 12 oviposited eggs from each hen group for each day postinsemination, with the remainder of the eggs incubated for 10 d to obtain fertility values. For the main effect of sex, and for age within sex, there were differences in mean SP (7.3 vs 4.8; Y vs O hens; P < 0.02) and fertility (73.7 vs 54.9%; Y vs O hens; P < 0.002) values. Old males had higher mean SP values and fertility (7.2 and 70.6%) than young males (4.8 and 58.0%; P < 0.03 and 0.01, respectively). Following artificial insemination of a constant number of sperm, age of hens appears to contribute more to the decrease in SP and fertility than the age of male broiler breeders. Eggs were obtained from naturally mated broiler breeder flocks from different strains (A and B), lines (male and female), and ages. There was an effect on overall mean SP values due to strain (105.8 vs 78.6 holes per GD area; Strains A and B, respectively; P < 0.0001), and line within Strain B (106.4 vs 50.8 holes per GD; male and female line, respectively; P < 0.0001). There was a quadratic relationship between SP of the PL and age in Strain A with values ranging from 153.3 to 20.0 holes per GD area (P < 0.003). In Strain B, SP holes in the PL decreased in the male line due to age (127.8 to 59.7 per GD; P < 0.01), with an effect of age on the female line also (62.1 vs. 37.8 holes per GD; P < 0.05).

摘要

进行了一项实验，以测试年龄（雄性和雌性）对肉种鸡精子穿透胚盘（GD）上方卵黄膜（PL）数量的影响。80只年轻肉种鸡母鸡（39周龄，Y组）和80只老龄淘汰肉种鸡母鸡（69周龄，O组）按年龄随机分为8组，每组20只母鸡。连续4周每周用来自年轻或老龄肉种鸡雄性的5×10⁷混合精子/50微升对母鸡进行人工授精。在授精后每天从每组母鸡中随机抽取12枚产出的蛋，评估GD处PL的精子穿透率（SP），其余的蛋孵化10天以获得受精率值。对于性别主效应以及性别内的年龄效应，平均SP值（7.3对4.8；Y组母鸡对O组母鸡；P<0.02）和受精率（73.7%对54.9%；Y组母鸡对O组母鸡；P<0.002）存在差异。老龄雄性的平均SP值和受精率（7.2和70.6%）高于年轻雄性（4.8和58.0%；分别为P<0.03和0.01）。在人工授精固定数量的精子后，母鸡年龄似乎比肉种鸡雄性年龄对SP和受精率下降的影响更大。蛋取自不同品系（A和B）、品系内不同性别（雄性和雌性）以及不同年龄的自然交配肉种鸡群。由于品系（分别为A品系和B品系，每GD区域105.8个孔对78.6个孔；P<0.0001）以及B品系内的品系（分别为雄性品系和雌性品系，每GD区域106.4个孔对50.8个孔；P<0.0001），对总体平均SP值有影响。在A品系中，PL的SP与年龄之间存在二次关系，每GD区域的值范围为153.3至20.0个孔（P<0.003）。在B品系中，雄性品系中PL的SP孔数因年龄而减少（每GD区域从127.8个降至59.7个；P<0.01），年龄对雌性品系也有影响（每GD区域62.1个孔对37.8个孔；P<0.05）。