Bramwell R K, McDaniel C D, Burke W H, Wilson J L, Howarth B
Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2772, USA.
Poult Sci. 1996 Jun;75(6):767-75. doi: 10.3382/ps.0750767.
A study was conducted to test the effects of dietary energy intake on reproduction in genetically similar broiler breeder males and on the subsequent growth of their progeny. Fifty-nine 1-d-old pedigree broiler breeder male chicks were raised to breeding age. At 33 wk of age, 33 males were chosen and placed in one of three groups of 11 males per group and fed either 370, 330, or 290 kcal per bird per d. Each group contained both full and half brothers and had similar 6- and 33-wk mean body weights. There was a significant negative effect of decreased dietary energy intake on sperm concentration and total live sperm per milliliter of ejaculate, whereas there was no significant effect on ejaculate volume or percentage dead sperm per ejaculate. Four groups of hens (21 wk of age) with 18 hens per group, were randomly assigned to each male dietary treatment group. Hens were artificially inseminated with 50 microL neat pooled semen from one of the three male treatment groups. There was a significant linear effect of diet on fertility, with no significant effect on hatch of fertile, hatch of eggs set, or embryonic mortality. There was no effect of sire energy intake on offspring body weights at 0, 3, or 6 wk of age. Hens were similarly artificially inseminated and sperm penetration determined for 9 consecutive d postinsemination. There was a significant quadratic relationship between sperm penetration of the perivitelline layer overlying the germinal disc and day postinsemination for each of the three male treatment groups. In addition, mean sperm penetration was 62.3, 42.9, and 6.6 holes in the germinal disc perivitelline layer for the high, medium, and low energy groups, respectively. Following 16 wk of dietary energy treatment, there was a significant linear effect of diet on mean testes weight, mean testes weight as a percentage of male body weight, and male body weight.
进行了一项研究，以测试日粮能量摄入量对基因相似的肉种鸡雄性繁殖性能及其后代后续生长的影响。59只1日龄的系谱肉种鸡雄性雏鸡饲养至繁殖年龄。33周龄时，挑选33只雄性并将其分成三组，每组11只，分别给予每只鸡每天370、330或290千卡的饲料。每组包含全兄弟和半兄弟，且6周龄和33周龄时的平均体重相似。日粮能量摄入量降低对精子浓度和每毫升射精量中的总活精子数有显著负面影响，而对射精量或每次射精中的死精百分比没有显著影响。将四组（21周龄）母鸡，每组18只，随机分配到每个雄性日粮处理组。用来自三个雄性处理组之一的50微升纯混合精液对母鸡进行人工授精。日粮对受精率有显著线性影响，对受精蛋孵化率、入孵蛋孵化率或胚胎死亡率没有显著影响。父本能量摄入量对0、3或6周龄后代体重没有影响。对母鸡进行类似的人工授精，并在授精后连续9天测定精子穿透情况。对于三个雄性处理组中的每一组，覆盖胚盘的卵黄膜精子穿透率与授精后天数之间存在显著的二次关系。此外，高、中、低能量组在胚盘卵黄膜上的平均精子穿透孔数分别为62.3、42.9和6.6个。经过16周的日粮能量处理后，日粮对平均睾丸重量、平均睾丸重量占雄性体重的百分比以及雄性体重有显著线性影响。
