Wells A S, Read N W
Centre for Human Nutrition, University of Sheffield, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
Physiol Behav. 1996 Jun;59(6):1069-76. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(95)02253-8.
Paired studies testing the effects of lower energy high-fat, low-CHO meals (3181 kJ, fat:CHO energy ratio 54:41) and higher energy low-fat, high-CHO meals (3599 kJ, fat:CHO energy ratio 7:88) were conducted in 18 healthy males. The meals were eaten at 1030 h by group A (nine subjects) and 1230 h by group B (nine subjects). Subjective lassitude increased following ingestion of all four meals, but there was little change in performance. In addition, group A, but not group B, felt significantly less vigorous, imaginative, and antagonistic, and significantly more dreamy, feeble, and fatigued after the lower energy high-fat, low-CHO meal than after the higher energy low-fat, high-CHO meal. These results suggest that in the morning, fat exerts a greater depression on alertness and mood than carbohydrate irrespective of a reduction in energy content, but this effect varies according to the time at which food is eaten, and is less evident at lunch time.
对18名健康男性进行了配对研究，测试低能量高脂肪、低碳水化合物膳食（3181千焦，脂肪：碳水化合物能量比54:41）和高能量低脂肪、高碳水化合物膳食（3599千焦，脂肪：碳水化合物能量比7:88）的效果。A组（9名受试者）在10:30进食这些膳食，B组（9名受试者）在12:30进食。摄入所有四餐之后主观倦怠感均增加，但表现几乎没有变化。此外，A组而非B组在摄入低能量高脂肪、低碳水化合物膳食后比摄入高能量低脂肪、高碳水化合物膳食后感觉活力、想象力和对抗性显著降低，而梦幻、虚弱和疲劳感显著增强。这些结果表明，在早晨，无论能量含量是否降低，脂肪对警觉性和情绪的抑制作用都比碳水化合物更大，但这种影响因进食时间而异，在午餐时间不太明显。
