Increased response to antigen and histamine release in smaller sensitized canine bronchi.

We studied the Schultz-Dale response in vitro in large and small size branches from 3rd to 6th generation bronchi from ragweed-sensitized dogs. The response to electric field stimulation (EFS) increased after antigen from 65.56 +/- 8.11 to 78.6 +/- 9.0 mN/mm2 of smooth muscle (P < 0.01), but no topographical difference was observed. The response to ragweed (% of the response to EFS) was 158.3 +/- 12 and 67.1 +/- 11.7 in strips from small and large branches respectively (P < 0.01), while no difference was observed between generations; when clustering bronchi according to dimension, it was 129.9 +/- 13.4 in small and 71.9 +/- 19.8 in large bronchi (P < 0.01). Histamine released from small and large branches was 2.90 +/- 1.01 and 0.76 +/- 0.20 (ng/mg of tissue) respectively (P < 0.05); no difference was found between generations. In conclusion, in sensitized dogs a greater response to antigen, which involves a higher histamine release, occurs in small compared to large bronchi. We suggest that control of distribution of ventilation occurs mainly at small bronchi level, which becomes the elective tissue to study the Schultz-Dale response. Finally, the classification of bronchi into generations is inadequate to study allergic bronchospasm.