Bergström K, Halling A
Orthodontic Clinic, Växjö, Sweden.
Swed Dent J. 1996;20(1-2):35-50.
Three counties in Sweden (A, G, and W) with free orthodontic care and different orthodontic resources and geographic structures were studied in 1987. Samples of totally 942 young adults (mean age 18.8 years, SD 0.44) were examined concerning malocclusions and all orthodontic treatment provided by general practitioners or by orthodontic specialists. The care in a rural area (county G) with abundant specialist resources was based on specialist treatments easy assessable to the patients and supplemented by treatments, mainly without appliances and provided by general practitioners. There was a generous attitude of consultation with specialists and of providing treatment. The sparsity of specialist resources had in an urban area (county A) resulted in a greater restriction on providing treatments. The treatments were performed in a higher age and were, to a greater extent, not completed by the age of 19, and a smaller percentage of individuals were treated than in the other two counties. The care in a large rural area (county W) with long distances to the only specialist clinic was based on treatments provided by general practitioners. In spite of the few specialist resources there was a generous attitude of providing treatments. Interceptive methods were used to a great extent, and later completed with appliance therapy. According to a treatment priority index 44% of the untreated individuals in the three counties had malocclusions and an objective treatment need, and there were no significant differences between the counties. Regardless of differences in specialist resources and structure of the free public orthodontic care, a substantial and equal proportion of the untreated individuals in the counties had malocclusions with treatment need, but they had no treatment desire.
1987年，对瑞典的三个县（A、G和W）进行了研究，这三个县提供免费正畸治疗，且正畸资源和地理结构各不相同。共对942名年轻成年人（平均年龄18.8岁，标准差0.44）进行了检查，内容涉及错牙合畸形以及全科医生或正畸专科医生提供的所有正畸治疗。在一个拥有丰富专科资源的农村地区（G县），正畸治疗以患者易于获得的专科治疗为主，并辅以主要由全科医生提供的、基本不使用矫治器的治疗。在咨询专科医生和提供治疗方面态度较为宽松。城市地区（A县）专科资源稀缺，导致治疗提供受到更大限制。治疗在较高年龄进行，且在19岁时更大比例的治疗未完成，接受治疗的个体比例低于其他两个县。在一个距离唯一专科诊所较远的大农村地区（W县），正畸治疗以全科医生提供的治疗为主。尽管专科资源较少，但在提供治疗方面态度较为宽松。很大程度上采用了阻断性治疗方法，随后再进行矫治器治疗。根据治疗优先级指数，这三个县中44%未经治疗的个体存在错牙合畸形且有客观的治疗需求，各县之间无显著差异。尽管免费公共正畸治疗的专科资源和结构存在差异，但各县中未经治疗的个体中，有很大比例且比例相当的人存在有治疗需求的错牙合畸形，但他们没有治疗意愿。
