Lepola U, Koponen H, Leinonen E
Psychiatric Research Clinic, Kuopio, Finland.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1996 Mar;93(3):181-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1996.tb10628.x.
A clinical sample of 55 patients meeting the diagnostic criteria for panic disorder (PD) were enrolled in this long-term study. The patients were treated initially with alprazolam or imipramine during a period of 9 weeks. A clinical psychiatric examination was carried out at the beginning and at the end of the initial treatment period and 3 and 6 years after the enrollment. Although most of the patients (74%) had no panic attacks at the end of the 6-year follow-up period, 9 (18%) had major depression and 6 (11%) severe suicidality. Seven of these depressive patients also suffered from alcoholism. Sixty per cent of the patients were still on medication at the end of the follow-up. Depression, suicidality and alcoholism seem to be the long-term consequences of PD.
55名符合惊恐障碍（PD）诊断标准的临床样本患者被纳入这项长期研究。患者最初在9周的时间里接受阿普唑仑或丙咪嗪治疗。在初始治疗期开始和结束时以及入组后3年和6年进行了临床精神科检查。尽管大多数患者（74%）在6年随访期结束时没有惊恐发作，但9名（18%）患有重度抑郁症，6名（11%）有严重自杀倾向。这些抑郁患者中有7名也患有酒精中毒。随访结束时60%的患者仍在服药。抑郁症、自杀倾向和酒精中毒似乎是惊恐障碍的长期后果。
