Gallup G G, Wallnau L B, Boren J L, Gagliardi G J, Maser J D, Edson P H
J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1977 Jun;91(3):642-8. doi: 10.1037/h0077353.
Consistent with a serotonergic-midbrain raphe model of tonic immobility, four experiments designed to affect changes in serum tryptophan produced reliable effects on the duration of the response in chickens. Systemic injections of tryptophan, the dietary precursor to serotonin, led to a dose-dependent increase in immobility, with optimal effects being observed within 30 min after injection. Dietary depletion of endogenous tryptophan served to attenuate the duration of immobility, and a diet completely free of tryptophan, but supplemented with niacin, practically abolished the reaction. Dietary replacement served to reinstate the response. In a fifth experiment, tryptamine, an alternative metabolic by-product of tryptophan, was found to have no effect on immobility. The data are discussed in light of evidence showing serotonergic involvement in tonic immobility.
与紧张性不动的血清素能-中脑缝际核模型一致，四项旨在影响血清色氨酸变化的实验对鸡的反应持续时间产生了可靠的影响。全身性注射色氨酸（血清素的膳食前体）导致不动时间呈剂量依赖性增加，注射后30分钟内观察到最佳效果。内源性色氨酸的膳食消耗可减弱不动的持续时间，完全不含色氨酸但补充了烟酸的饮食实际上消除了该反应。膳食替代可恢复该反应。在第五项实验中，发现色胺（色氨酸的另一种代谢副产物）对不动没有影响。根据显示血清素能参与紧张性不动的证据对这些数据进行了讨论。
