Soma H, Watanabe Y, Hata T
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Saitama Medical School, Japan.
Reprod Fertil Dev. 1995;7(6):1533-8. doi: 10.1071/rd9951533.
It has been reported that both chorangiosis and chorangioma are increased in placentas at high altitudes. In this study, 1.14% of 2448 Japanese placentas obtained at 30-300 m had chorangiosis or chorangioma, compared with 3.24% of the Nepalese placentas (1300-3000 m) and 9.09% of the Tibetan samples (3800-4200 m). The incidence of both pathologies was significantly higher in the Himalayan groups than those of the Japanese group (P < 0.05). Obstetric complications of the 28 Japanese placentas with chorangiosis and chorangioma included Caesarean section 16 (57.1%), abruptio placentae 2 (7.14%), intrauterine growth retardation 3 (10.7%), intrauterine fetal death 4 (14.2%) and placenta praevia 4 (14.2%). Four infants (14.2%) had Apgar scores ranging from 0 to 3. Among 48 Himalayan placentas with chorangiosis and chorangioma, incidence of marked subchorionic fibrin was significantly higher (25%) than in the Japanese group (3.57%) (P < 0.05). The incidence of abnormal insertion of the cord was significantly higher (14.2%) in the Japanese group than in the Himalayan group (5%) (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the frequencies of intervillous thrombosis and infarction between the two groups. These findings suggest that the incidence of pathological change such as chorangiosis and chorangioma may be increased in placentas at Himalayan altitudes.
据报道，绒毛膜血管病和绒毛膜血管瘤在高海拔地区的胎盘中均有所增加。在本研究中，2448份于海拔30 - 300米获取的日本胎盘样本中，1.14%存在绒毛膜血管病或绒毛膜血管瘤，而尼泊尔胎盘样本（海拔1300 - 3000米）的这一比例为3.24%，西藏样本（海拔3800 - 4200米）的比例为9.09%。这两种病变的发生率在喜马拉雅组显著高于日本组（P < 0.05）。28份患有绒毛膜血管病和绒毛膜血管瘤的日本胎盘的产科并发症包括剖宫产16例（57.1%）、胎盘早剥2例（7.14%）、胎儿宫内生长受限3例（10.7%）、胎儿宫内死亡4例（14.2%）和前置胎盘4例（14.2%）。4名婴儿（14.2%）的阿氏评分在0至3分之间。在48份患有绒毛膜血管病和绒毛膜血管瘤的喜马拉雅胎盘样本中，显著绒毛膜下纤维蛋白的发生率（25%）显著高于日本组（3.57%）（P < 0.05）。日本组脐带异常插入的发生率（14.2%）显著高于喜马拉雅组（5%）（P < 0.05）。两组之间绒毛间隙血栓形成和梗死的频率无显著差异。这些发现表明，在喜马拉雅海拔高度的胎盘中，绒毛膜血管病和绒毛膜血管瘤等病理变化的发生率可能会增加。
