Pettoello-Mantovani M, Di Martino L, Dettori G, Vajro P, Scotti S, Ditullio M T, Guandalini S
Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1995 Dec;14(12):1042-7. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199512000-00003.
Little information is available on asymptomatic carriage of Cryptosporidium in immunocompetent and immunodeficient children. We prospectively studied a group of asymptomatic children, 78 immunocompetent and 50 immunodeficient, to document the incidence of asymptomatic carriage of cryptosporidiosis in such a population. We also investigated whether the treatment of children who carried asymptomatic cryptosporidiosis could help in reducing their risk of gastrointestinal symptoms as well as the shedding of infectious oocysts. The occurrence of multiple infections with common intestinal pathogens including Giardia lamblia was also investigated. Asymptomatic cryptosporidiosis was documented in 6.4% of immunocompetent and 22% of immunodeficient children. In a control symptomatic population Cryptosporidium was found in 4.4% of immunocompetent and 4.8% of immunodeficient children. Asymptomatic carriage of Cryptosporidium was documented in 2 human immunodeficiency virus-infected children, one of whom also carried Giardia asymptomatically. Treatment with spiramycin (100 mg/kg daily for 14 days) reduced significantly the duration of the shedding of potentially infectious oocysts. Finally no gastrointestinal symptoms developed in children treated for asymptomatic infection with Cryptosporidium, whereas children who were not treated developed gastrointestinal symptoms.
关于免疫功能正常和免疫功能低下儿童隐孢子虫无症状携带的信息较少。我们前瞻性地研究了一组无症状儿童，其中78名免疫功能正常，50名免疫功能低下，以记录该人群中隐孢子虫病无症状携带的发生率。我们还调查了对无症状携带隐孢子虫的儿童进行治疗是否有助于降低他们出现胃肠道症状以及排出感染性卵囊的风险。我们还研究了包括蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫在内的常见肠道病原体多重感染的发生情况。免疫功能正常的儿童中有6.4%被记录为无症状隐孢子虫感染，免疫功能低下的儿童中有22%。在有症状的对照人群中，免疫功能正常的儿童中有4.4%、免疫功能低下的儿童中有4.8%检测到隐孢子虫。在2名感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的儿童中记录到无症状隐孢子虫携带，其中1名儿童还无症状携带蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫。用螺旋霉素治疗（每日100mg/kg，共14天）显著缩短了潜在感染性卵囊排出的持续时间。最后，接受无症状隐孢子虫感染治疗的儿童未出现胃肠道症状，而未接受治疗的儿童出现了胃肠道症状。
