Lee S H, Iwanaga T, Hoshi O, Adachi I, Fujita T
Department of Anatomy, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
Acta Otolaryngol. 1995 Nov;115(6):823-9. doi: 10.3109/00016489509139408.
The localization of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and its cofactor, nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide hydrogen phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase, was examined in the nasal mucosa of the rat by immunohistochemical and histochemical methods. In addition to cryostat sections, whole mount preparations were used to examine the distribution of nerves. Both in the nasal mucosa and in associated ganglia, the distribution of NOS-immunoreactive nervous structures essentially corresponded to that of NADPH-diaphorase-positive ones. The NOS-immunopositive nerve fibers in the respiratory area of the nasal mucosa were distributed around blood vessels and in submucosal glands. Part of the respiratory area was supplied with intraepithelial arborizations of the immunopositive fibers. The epithelial cells in the respiratory area were NADPH-diaphorase positive but NOS immunoreactivity negative. In the olfactory area, the NADPH-diaphorase- and NOS-positive nerve fibers were restricted to blood vessels located deep in the submucosa. Throughout the nasal mucosa, arterial endothelium was NADPH-diaphorase positive but NOS immunoreactivity negative. Both NOS immunoreactivity and NADPH-diaphorase activity were found in major populations of neuronal somata in the sphenopalatine ganglion. The present study provides the direct evidence supporting the notion that nitric oxide is richly produced in autonomic nerves of the nasal mucosa derived from the sphenopalatine ganglion.
采用免疫组织化学和组织化学方法，对大鼠鼻黏膜中一氧化氮合酶（NOS）及其辅因子烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）黄递酶的定位进行了研究。除了冰冻切片外，还使用整装制剂来检查神经的分布。在鼻黏膜和相关神经节中，NOS免疫反应性神经结构的分布基本上与NADPH黄递酶阳性结构的分布一致。鼻黏膜呼吸区的NOS免疫阳性神经纤维分布在血管周围和黏膜下腺体内。呼吸区的一部分有免疫阳性纤维的上皮内分支。呼吸区的上皮细胞NADPH黄递酶阳性，但NOS免疫反应阴性。在嗅区，NADPH黄递酶和NOS阳性神经纤维局限于黏膜下层深处的血管。在整个鼻黏膜中，动脉内皮NADPH黄递酶阳性，但NOS免疫反应阴性。在蝶腭神经节的主要神经元胞体群中发现了NOS免疫反应性和NADPH黄递酶活性。本研究提供了直接证据，支持鼻黏膜来自蝶腭神经节的自主神经中大量产生一氧化氮这一观点。
