Ernhart C B, Greene T, Sokol R J, Martier S, Boyd T A, Ager J
Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Dec;19(6):1550-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01023.x.
A neonatal examination for fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) should promote the guidance of parents, the planning of remediation for affected children, and the collection of prevalence data. A blinded examination of FAS characteristics conducted as part of a large prospective study of disadvantaged alcohol-exposed infants identified eight neonates who met the published criteria for FAS. These children were followed through the preschool years with a blinded assessment protocol. Seven of these children were found to have no impairment in cognitive and language development, when compared with their peers, and to be of average size. The one child who was mentally and growth retarded at follow-up who had been diagnosed as FAS might not have been diagnosed FAS using clinical criteria (as opposed to blinded research criteria), because his mother provided in-pregnancy reports of only low alcohol intake; she later acknowledged drinking an average of over 21 drinks/week during the pregnancy. The findings are positive in that they provide hope for children who present FAS at birth, although concern with adverse outcomes is certainly not dispelled. In particular, the possibility of later-emerging impairment in more complex tasks is not ruled out.
新生儿酒精综合征（FAS）检查应促进对父母的指导、为受影响儿童制定补救计划以及收集患病率数据。作为一项针对处于不利环境且暴露于酒精环境中的婴儿的大型前瞻性研究的一部分，对FAS特征进行了盲法检查，确定了八名符合已公布的FAS标准的新生儿。采用盲法评估方案对这些儿童进行了学前阶段的跟踪。与同龄人相比，其中七名儿童在认知和语言发展方面没有受损，且身材中等。随访时被诊断为FAS且智力和生长发育迟缓的那名儿童，若使用临床标准（而非盲法研究标准）可能不会被诊断为FAS，因为他的母亲孕期报告显示酒精摄入量低；她后来承认孕期平均每周饮酒超过21杯。这些发现是积极的，因为它们为出生时患有FAS的儿童带来了希望，尽管对不良后果的担忧肯定没有消除。特别是，不能排除在更复杂任务中 later-emerging 损伤的可能性。 （注：“later-emerging”此处可能有误，结合语境推测可能是“later-emerged”，意为“后来出现的”）
