Orenstein W A, Hadler S, Kuritsky J N, Bernier R H
National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Sep;174 Suppl 1:S118-24. doi: 10.1093/infdis/174.supplement_1.s118.
Rotavirus infection produces a serious health burden in the United States, causing an estimated > 100,000 hospitalizations and > 100 deaths annually. This health burden is comparable to that for measles, pertussis, mumps, and varicella before vaccines for these diseases were routinely given to children. Rotavirus vaccines have the potential to significantly reduce a serious public health problem in the United States. However, while development and licensure of vaccines is a major breakthrough, it represents only the first step in disease prevention. Vaccines must be recommended by major immunization advisory committees, financed in both the public and private sectors, and successfully integrated into the existing vaccination schedule. Vaccines must reach all targeted children, and monitoring systems must be established or adapted to better determine vaccine safety and disease impact. Reevaluation of disease prevention strategies must be ongoing and fueled by new information on safety and disease reduction.
轮状病毒感染在美国造成了严重的健康负担，据估计每年导致超过10万例住院病例和超过100人死亡。这种健康负担与在儿童常规接种这些疾病疫苗之前麻疹、百日咳、腮腺炎和风疹所造成的负担相当。轮状病毒疫苗有潜力显著减少美国一个严重的公共卫生问题。然而，虽然疫苗的研发和许可获批是一项重大突破，但这仅仅是疾病预防的第一步。疫苗必须得到主要免疫咨询委员会的推荐，由公共和私营部门提供资金，并成功纳入现有的疫苗接种计划。疫苗必须覆盖所有目标儿童，而且必须建立或调整监测系统，以便更好地确定疫苗安全性和疾病影响。必须不断根据关于安全性和疾病减少情况的新信息对疾病预防策略进行重新评估。
