The hupTUV operon is involved in negative control of hydrogenase synthesis in Rhodobacter capsulatus.

The hupT, hupU, and hupV genes, which are located upstream from the hupSLC and hypF genes in the chromosome of Rhodobacter capsulatus, form the hupTUV operon expressed from the hupT promoter. The hupU and hupV genes, previously thought to belong to a single open reading frame, encode HupU, of 34.5 kDa (332 amino acids), and HupV, of 50.4 kDa (476 amino acids), which are >/= 50% identical to the homologous Bradyrhizobium japonicum HupU and HupV proteins and Rhodobacter sphaeroides HupU1 and HupU2 proteins, respectively; they also have 20 and 29% similarity with the small subunit (HupS) and the large subunit (HupL), respectively, of R. capsulatus [NiFe]hydrogenase. HupU lacks the signal peptide of HupS and HupV lacks the C-terminal sequence of HupL, which are cleaved during hydrogenase processing. Inactivation of hupV by insertional mutagenesis or of hupUV by in-frame deletion led to HupV- and Hup(UV)- mutants derepressed for hydrogenase synthesis, particularly in the presence of oxygen. These mutants were complemented in trans by plasmid-borne hupTUV but not by hupT or by hupUV, except when expressed from the inducible fru promoter. Complementation of the HupV- and Hup(UV)- mutants brought about a decrease in hydrogenase activity up to 10-fold, to the level of the wild-type strain B10, indicating that HupU and HupV participate in negative regulation of hydrogenase expression in concert with HupT, a sensor histidine kinase involved in the repression process. Plasmid-borne gene fusions used to monitor hupTUV expression indicated that the operon is expressed at a low level (50- to 100-fold lower than hupS).